基于CBCT对江苏地区人群下颌神经管走向的研究

目的通过锥形束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)检查分析下颌神经管与下颌骨的位置关系,为避免在外科手术中损伤下牙槽血管神经束提供统计学依据。方法收集90例(男45例,女45例)江苏地区人群(20⁷9岁)下颌骨的CBCT数据,将其导入NNT 4.6软件中,测量下颌神经管在下颌骨中的位置,分析性别和左右侧对其位置的影响。结果由近中向远中,下颌神经管到牙槽嵴顶的平均距离先增大再减小;到下颌骨颊侧的平均距离逐渐增加;两者在男女间和左右侧间的差异都不显著(P>0.05)。下颌神经管到下颌骨下缘和舌侧的平均距离逐渐减小,在颏孔后2 mm处两者在左侧的平均距离小于右侧(P<0.05),且前者在女性左侧的平均距离小于男性(P<0.05)。下颌管距下颌后牙牙根的平均距离由近中向远中逐渐减小,两者在男女间和左右侧间的差异都不显著(P>0.05)。结论江苏地区人群的下颌神经管到牙槽嵴顶和下颌骨颊侧距离男女相似,且左右对称性较好;到下颌骨下缘和舌侧的距离有性别差异,且左右间不太对称;位置在颏孔远中2 mm后相对恒定,在颏孔后2 mm以内的变化较大。

The study of the mandibular canal course by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in normal individuals from Jiangsu Province

Objective To analyze the course of the mandibular canal by CBCT to provide the theoretical basis for implanting and bone grafting. Methods Mandibular data of 90 people from Jiangsu Province obtained by cone-beam computed tomography were col- lected and analyzed by NNT 4.6 considering the effects of genders and sides. Results The mean distance from the border of mandibu- lar canal to the alveolar crest first increased and then started to decrease. That to the buccal bone wall gradually increased from the me- sial to distal. No significant differences were detected in different genders and sides （ P 〉 0.05 ）. That to the lingual bone wall and inferi- or margin gradually decreased from the mesial to distal. Significant differences were detected at 2 mm behind mental, foremen both in genders and sides which were inferior in female and the left side（P 〈 0.05）. That to the apexes of posterior teeth gradually deereased from the mesial to distal. No significant differences were detected（P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions Mandibular canal position to the alveolar crest and bueeal bone wall was symmetrical between two sides and similar in both genders. But that to the lingual bone wall and inferior margin is variable between genders and sides in the area close to mental foramen（within 2 mm） in people from Jiangsu Province.