广州市经济技术开发区中小学生膳食营养状况

目的了解广州市经济技术开发区中小学生膳食和营养状况,为指导学校及家庭合理安排膳食提供科学依据。方法采用膳食调查、体格测量与尿负荷试验等方法对学生的营养状况进行分析。结果学生的膳食组成多样化,畜禽类食物摄入较多,杂粮、水产品、奶类和水果摄入较少;各营养素的摄入量基本达到RNI水平,但也存在能量、维生素C、钙等摄入不足的现象;碳水化合物的供能比偏低,蛋白质和脂肪的供能比偏高;各餐能量分配比例以午餐最高,早餐能量偏低。大部分学生的生长发育状况良好;尿负荷试验显示,维生素B1和维生素B2的营养状况较差。结论广州市经济技术开发区中小学生的膳食基本合理,营养状况良好,但需适当增加杂粮、水产品、奶类、动物肝脏和水果的摄入。

Nutritional Survey of Students in Guangzhou Economic and Technology Development District

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of students in Guangzhou Economic and Technology Development District, and to provide scientific evidence for reasonable dietary guidance. Methods Nutritional survey was performed by dietary survey, anthropometry and the urine loading experiment. Results The intake of energy, vitamin C and calcium were lower than the recommended nutrient intake. The energy proportion of protein and fat was higher, and the energy included in breakfast was inadequate. The results of the urine lading experiment showed that most students were short of vitamin B1 and vitamin B2. Conclusion Students nutritional status is well. Food structure should be adjusted by increasing the intake of rough grain, fish, milk, animal liver and fresh fruit.