侧柏炭止血作用活性部位筛选

目的：考察侧柏炭各极性部位对干酵母致血热复合出血模型大鼠的止血作用。 方法：以云南白药为阳性药，对照组及模型组ig羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na），阳性组、侧柏炭石油醚组、乙酸乙酯组、正丁醇组和水部位组分别ig相应的治疗药物，连续给药7 d，第7天复制血热复合出血模型，以全血及血浆黏度、红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）的量、红细胞压积（HCT）、血浆凝血酶时间（TT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）的量、血小板计数（PLT）、血小板压积（PCT）、平均血小板体积（MPV）、血小板分布宽度（PDW）、ADP诱导的血小板聚集率等评价指标为导向，考查侧柏炭各极性部位的止血作用。 结果：与对照组比较，模型组大鼠各切变率下全血及血浆黏度明显增加，RBC，HGB，HCT明显升高，TT，APTT显著延长，PT显著缩短，FIB的量显著增加，PLT，PCT，MPV，PDW明显增加，ADP诱导的血小板聚集率显著降低；乙酸乙酯部位可明显降低模型大鼠全血低切黏度和血浆黏度，明显缩短TT，APTT，明显降低FIB的量，明显降低PDW，显著提高ADP诱导的血小板聚集率，改善肺组织病理性出血现象。正丁醇部位可明显增加ADP诱导的血小板聚集率；水部位可明显降低血浆黏度，明显缩短TT。但正丁醇和水部位作用程度均不及乙酸乙酯部位。石油醚部位对模型大鼠各环节的作用较弱。 结论：侧柏炭乙酸乙酯部位主要通过降低血浆和全血低切黏度、改善内源性凝血功能及促进血小板聚集功能发挥其止血作用，为侧柏炭止血有效部位。

Filtration of active fractions with hemostasis effect from Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum

Objective: To discuss the hemostasis of the different polarities of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum (PCC) on the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model induced by dry yeast. Method: The SD rats were divided into seven groups. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug. The rats in the control group and model group were fed with CMC-Na for 7 days, and the rats in other groups were fed with corresponding drugs simultaneously. On day 7, the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model was established. Indexes including the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen content (FIB), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), blood platelet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP were detected. Additionally, the pathological examinations of lungs among each group were compared. Result: Compared with the control group, the RBC, HGB and HCT of rats in the model group increased significantly, with distinct increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of rats in the model group; TT and APTT were notably prolonged, while PT was notably shortened, with significant increase in FIB content; PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW remarkably increased; Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly decreased. After ig administration of the ethyl acetate extract of PCC, the low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity remarkably decreased; TT and APTT were significantly shortened, with notable reduction in PDW and in FIB content. Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly increased. The injury of lungs was also improved in ethyl acetate extract group. The rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP of n-butanol extract group notablly increased. Plasma viscosity of water extract group remarkably decreased, with TT being significantly shortened. But the effects of n-butanol extract or water extract were weaker than that of ethyl acetate extract. And the effect of petroleum ether extract was the weakest. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract is the active part of PCC, showing the effect of hemostasis by reducing the low whole blood and plasma viscosity, improving coagulation function mainly by acting on the endogenous coagulation, and ameliorating the function of platelet aggregation.