神经内科医院感染分析及防控干预

目的调查神经内科医院感染的发病率、发病部位及原因，制订预防和控制医院感染的措施。方法采用前瞻性和回顾性相结合的方法调查2007年7月-2013年6月我院神经内科住院患者的医院感染情况。结果本次共调查住院患者45112例，发生医院感染1038例次，医院感染率为2．3％。医院感染以内科患者多发，内科患者又以神经内科的患者多发。医院感染部位依次为呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道及其他。结论预防呼吸道感染，加强通风，及时清除呼吸道分泌物；预防泌尿道感染，严格遵守无菌操作原则，掌握导尿管拔除时机；注意保暖，增强抵抗力，合理使用抗生素；提高护理人员手卫生依从性，积极治疗原发病是预防医院感染的有效措施。

Department of neurology at hospital infection causes and prevention intervention

Objective To investigate the neurological hospital incidence of nosocomial infection and pathogenic site as well as the relative reasons. Discuss the measurements of prevention and control of hospital infection. Method Conduct a survey on all of the inpatients in the department of Neurology hospital during the period from July 2007 to June 2013.Results 45,112 cases of inpatients were involved in this investigation and 1039 cases among them were exam to have nosocomial infection. The rate of hospital infection of this sample is 2.3%. It is reflected from the statistical data that the hospital infection happened most among the medical patients, especially the neurology patients. The apartments that were suffered from the hospital infection in a less serious condition were the respiratory tract,urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions The solution to this hospital infection condition can be： first, prevent the respiratory tract infections of both hospital stuffs and patients by strengthening the ventilation of indoor environment and cleaning the respiratory secretions in time. Secondly, prevent the urinary tract infections by strictly observing the principles of the Aseptic Operation and control the timing of removing the catheter form patient precisely. The other means of reducing the infection are keeping warm inside the wards, helping to strengthen the patients＇ immunity, using the antibiotics rationally to prevent gastrointestinal infections. Improve the staffs＇ awareness of hand hygiene and treating their own primary diseases timely.