心理干预对高考学生和家长考前焦虑的作用

目的 探讨心理干预对高考学生和家长考前焦虑的作用.方法 采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、状态焦虑问卷(S-AI)、Sarason考试焦虑量表(TAS)对高一学生315人和高三学生295人进行测试,同时对其父母进行SAS、S-AI测试;对高考学生57人及其父母102人进行心理干预前后测试.结果 高三学生及其父母的SAS、S-AI评分明显高于高一学生及其父母(t=2.422-3.975,P<0.05,P<0.01);高三学生TAS评分高于高一学生(P<0.01).学生与父母的SAS、S-AI的相关系数分别为(0.641,0.759,0.733,0.824,P<0.01).心理干预后高考学生的TAS得分明显下降,高考学生及家长的SAS、S-AI评分低于非干预的考生及家长(41.12±10.13)分,(49.24±11.80)分;(43.05±9.97)分,(49.01±11.29)分;(53.28±9.87)分,(58.55±10.20)分;(52.47±9.91)分,(59.18±11.75)分,t=2.861～4.456,P<0.01].结论 高考学生及家长的焦虑程度较非高考学生及家长高;学生与家长的焦虑存在较高程度的相关性;对学生及其家长同时进行心理干预对缓解高考学生考前焦虑有效.

A study on test anxiety status of senior high school students and their parents before college examination entrance and psychological intervention

Objective To explore the relationship of test anxiety status between the senior high school students and their parents before college examination entrance.And to study the method and effect of psychological intervention on test anxiety.Methods 315 grade 1 and 295 grade 3 of senior high school students were investigated by using Test Anxiety Scale(TAS),State Anxiety Inventory(S-AI) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS);and their Darents were investigated by SAS,S-AI.57 grade 3 of senior high school students and their 102 parents were tested before and after psychological intervention.Results Grade 3 of senior high school students and their parents acquired higher SAS.S-AI scores than grade 1 students and their parents(t=2.422～3.975,P<0.05,P＜O.01).The TAS scores of grade 3 students were higher than grade 1(P＜O.01).The correlative coefficient between students and parents were 0.641,0.759,0.733,0.824 respectively(P<0.01).The TAS,SAS,S-AI scores of grade 3 of senior high school students and the SAS,S-AI scores of their parents were descended significantly (41.12±10.13)vs(49.24±11.80),(43.05±9.97)vs(49.01±11.29),(53.28±9.87)vs(58.55±10.20),(52.47±9.91)vs(59.18±11.75),t=2.861～4.456,P＜O.01].Conclusion There was higher anxiety level in grade 3 of senior high school students and their parents.The correlations was strong between themPsychological intervention on students together with their parents are effective to relax test anxiety level of senior high school students before college examination entrance.