儿童弱视愈后防治的对策

儿童弱视愈后转归,不只是弱视复发,还会发生调节性近视和形成真性近视,应引起小儿眼科界的注意.儿童弱视愈后复发应区分为:基本治愈后弱视复发、痊愈后弱视复发、脱镜后弱视复发."愈前反弹"不属于弱视复发,这样的分类法对儿童弱视的防治是有其实用价值的.在对儿童弱视的治疗和追踪观察中,结合儿童视力、屈光和眼轴发育的特点,提出了儿童弱视愈后脱镜指标为:(1)双眼裸眼远近视力≥1.0,6mo以上者;(2)眼位正常或斜视性弱视治愈后残余斜视度﹤5°者;(3)远视屈光度≤+1.00DS;(4)远视散光度≤+0.50DC.治愈后的弱视儿童必须达到上述4项指标方可摘掉眼镜.我们对儿童弱视的研究进展进行综述,并提出了防治的对策.

Prevention and treatment of amblyopia in children after recovery

To amblyopia prognosis in children,not only amblyopia will reocurr,but also accommodative myopia and true myopia may occur.It should arouse the attention of pediatric ophthalmology sector,the review also raises the prevention and treatment strategies.Amblyopia recurrence after healing should be divided into:basically cured amblyopia recurrence,amblyopia recurrence after recovery,off-glasses amblyopia recurrence."The former rebounds before recovery" is not a recurrence of amblyopia.This classification is of practical value to prevention and treatment of amblyopia in children.In the treatment and monitoring of children’s amblyopia,combined with children’s vision,refractive and axial growth characteristics,indicators for children to take off glasses after recovery are:(1) binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity ≥1.0 for more than six months;(2) normal eye position amblyopia or strabismus amblyopia with residual strabismus degree <5°after cure;(3) hyperopic refractive error ≤+1.00 DS;(4) hyperopic astigmatism ≤+0.50 DC.Cured children with amblyopia must achieve the above four indicators to take off glasses.