全国0～6岁儿童视力残疾抽样调查

目的 探讨我国儿童视力残疾的现状。方法采用随机抽样的方法,2001年对全国0～6岁儿童进行低视力和盲的抽样调查。在全国抽取6个省(市)0～6岁儿童共6024人,由专业医生检查视力,筛查并进行诊断。结果在抽查儿童中,视力残疾64人,总患病率1．1％,其中盲童20人,患病率0．33‰,低视力44人,患病率0.73‰。视力残疾主要原因为弱视21例,占32．80%,其次是视网膜和视神经病变10例,占15．6％,先天性白内障9例,占14．1％。结论我国0～6岁儿童视力残疾总患病率1．1‰,其中盲的患病率接近世界发达国家水平。视力残疾以低视力占多数,致病原因中,弱视为首位,而弱视、白内障等大多可以通过早期治疗脱残。

A national survey on low vision and blindness of 0 - 6 years old children in China

OBJECTIVE: To get the prevalence of visual impairment of children in China. The national survey of low vision and blindness of 0 approximately 6 years old children was conducted in China in 2001. METHOD: Stratified, random, cluster, systematic sampling was used to select 60 124 subjects from 360 clusters from 6 provinces in China. The trained doctors examined every individual. RESULT: 64 subjects were defined as visual impairment among the total 60 124 participated subjects in the survey. The total prevalence of visual impairment is 1.1 per thousand. The 20 subjects is blindness and the prevalence is 0.33 per thousand. 44 subjects is low vision and the prevalence is 0.73 per thousand. The major causes of visual impairment are amblyopia (32.8%), retinal and optic nerve diseases (15.6%), congenital cataract (14.1%) and congenital glaucoma (6.3%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of blindness is close the level of developed country. Amblyopia is the leading cause of all visual impairment. Most causes of visual impairment, amblyopia and congenital cataract are curable.