一氧化碳中毒迟发脑病研究现状

本文对一氧化碳中毒迟发脑病（delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning,DEACMP）的危险因素、发病机制、临床诊断、及防治方法进行了总结。中毒浓度,昏迷时间,有慢性病及饮酒、精神刺激等是CO中毒迟发脑病的危险因素;细胞毒性、脑循环障碍、兴奋性氨基酸、自由基和脂质过氧化、神经递质代谢异常等可能为DEACMP的发病机制;神经细胞凋亡、白质脱髓鞘等病理改变最终导致了DEACMP的发生;在DEACMP的防治上,运用健康教育、心理干预、氧疗配合改善微循环、清除自由基药物等综合方法可取得较满意的疗效。

Research progress on delayed encephalopathy of acute carbon monoxide poisoning

In this paper, we summarized the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and prevention measures for delayed encephalopathy of acute carbon monoxide poisoning （DEACMP）. CO concentration, duration of coma, chronic diseases, alcohol and mental stimulation are the risk factors for DEACMP; cell toxicity, cerebral circulation disorders, excitatory amino acids, free radicals, lipid peroxidation, neurotransmitter metabolism, etc could be the pathogenesis of DEACMP; apoptosis of neurons, demyelination of white-matter and other pathological changes eventually resulted in the occurrence of DEACMP. The application of health education, psychological intervention, improve microcirculation with oxygen therapy, free radical scavenging will led to satisfactory results in the prevention and treatment of DEACMP.