结核病核心信息对结核病知晓率影响的研究

目的 研究结核病核心信息不同条数对知晓率高低的影响，从而探索出最科学、最简单明了，同时又能满足知晓率评价的核心信息，为实现《全国结核病防治规划（2011-2015）》提出的全民知晓率达85%的目标服务。 方法 采用问卷调查的形式，对公众进行问卷调查。由医务人员按《全国结核病防治规划实施工作指南》中结核病5条核心信息自行设计好的调查问卷向自然顺序过往本院门口的人群发放，问卷调查共发放问卷272份，回收260份，问卷回收率95.6%。 结果 260份有效问卷中1～4条核心信息和1～5条核心信息的知晓率分别为84.7%（881/1040）和79.8%（1037/1300），1～4条核心信息比1～5条核心信息的知晓率高出4.9个百分点，两者差异有显著统计学意义（χ²=9.55，P=0.00）。同时，青年和老年组1～5条核心信息的知晓率显著低于1～4条核心信息的知晓率（分别为85.0%和90.5%，71.1%和77.4%），两组差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.58、4.29，P＜0.03、0.04）。中年组虽然在1～4条核心信息或1～5条核心信息的知晓率方面差异没有统计学意义（P=0.21），但从绝对数看，中年组1～4条核心信息比1～5条核心信息的知晓率高出3.1个百分点。小学、中学和大学不同文化程度组1～4条核心信息和1～5条核心信息的结核病知晓率分别为77.4%和67.1%；84.7%和81.2%；88.8%和82.5%，差异无统计学意义（χ²值分别为3.62、3.56和3.60，P值均为0.06）。 结论 采用1～4条结核病核心信息比采用1～5条结核病核心信息进行结核病知晓率调查能提高结核病知晓率；可取代目前公众结核病知晓率调查所采用的5条核心信息。

The impact of TB core information on TB awareness among general public

Objective To understand the impact of the numbers of TB core information on TB awareness in order to explore the most scientific and straightforward ways of expression,and meet the proposed 85% of TB awareness target set by National TB Control Program(2011—2015).Methods The self-designed questionnaire was used in this survey.The people who pass through the gate of the hospital were sequentially investigated by health worker.272 copies of questionnaire were distributed and 260 copies returned.The response rate is 95.6%.Results Of the 260 copies of valid questionnaires,the awareness rate of first four pieces of TB Core Information were 84.7%(881/1040),4.9 percent higher than that of all five pieces 79.8%(1037/1300).The difference is statistically significant(χ2=9.55,P=0.00).In youth and old-age groups,the awareness rate of all five pieces was also significantly lower than that of the first four pieces,(85.0% and 90.5%,71.1% and 77.4% respectively,χ2=4.58,4.29;P<0.03、0.04).In terms of awareness rate,for the middle-aged group,although there has no statistically significant difference between four pieces and five pieces,the rate of four pieces is 3.1 percent higher than five pieces.In comparison of awareness rate of four pieces and five pieces in different education level,77.4% and 67.1% for people with primary education,and 84.7% and 81.2% for people with secondary education,and 88.8% and 82.5% for people with college education,there is no significant difference(χ2=3.62,3.56,3.60;P=0.06,0.06,0.06).Conclusion Adopting questionnaire with four pieces of TB core information can improve the TB awareness rate than that with five pieces of information.In public awareness survey,this could replace the questionnaire with five pieces of TB Core Information.