肺结核患者自我效能及其影响因素分析

目的 了解肺结核患者自我效能状况及其相关影响因素，探讨提高肺结核患者自我效能的有效途径。 方法 采用随机数字表法进行抽样，用一般资料问卷和肺结核患者自我效能评价表对182例肺结核患者进行调查，发放问卷182份，回收有效问卷182份，有效问卷回收率为100.0%。肺结核患者自我效能水平分为高、中、低三个等级,≥34分为高水平，25～33分为中等水平，≤24分为低水平。 结果 182例肺结核患者自我效能总分为（26.45±4.99)分，64.8%（118/182）的患者具有中等水平的自我效能，仅17.6%（32/182）的患者具有高水平的自我效能。男性得分为（24.35±4.84）分，女性得分为（26.74±5.19）分（t=37.654，P＜0.01）；个人月收入＜2000元者得分为（27.15±3.56）分，2000～元者得分为（27.46±5.46）分，＞5000元者得分为（25.32±4.54）分（F=3.884，P＜0.05）；家庭社会支持功能良好者得分为（27.14±4.92）分，差者得分为（25.68±5.01）分（t=12.728，P＜0.01）；心理状况良好者得分为（26.92±5.00）分，差者得分为（26.53±5.07）分（t=6.284，P＜0.01）；文化程度大专以上者得分为（27.48±4.68）分，高中者得分为(26.32±4.91)分，初中者得分为(27.64±5.53)分，小学以下者得分为（24.70±4.24）分（F＝2.837，P<0.05）；患者对疾病的态度积极面对者得分为（26.86±4.95）分，无所谓者得分为（24.53±4.49）分，（t=31.042，P＜0.01）。 结论 诸多因素在不同层面影响肺结核患者的自我效能水平，因此需针对其主要影响因素采取相应的护理措施，从而提高肺结核患者自我效能。

The analysis of self-efficacy and its influence factors in pulmonary tuberculosis cases

Objective To evaluate the status of self-efficacy and its influence factors in pulmonary TB cases,then explore an effective approach to improve their self-efficacy levels.Methods A total of 182 patients with pulmonary TB were sampled by random number table method.General social-demographic questionnaire and self-efficacy questionnaire were used to investigate patients’ general information and self-efficacy in this study.One hundred and eighty-two pieces of questionnaires were issued and returned with the valid rate of 100.0%.Self-efficacy of pulmonary TB is divided into high,medium and low three levels.≥ 34 is considered high level,and 25~33 as medium level,≤ 24 as low level.Results The total score of self-efficacy in 182 patients with pulmonary TB was(26.45±4.99).64.8%(118/182) of patients had a medium level of self-efficacy,Only 17.6%(32/182) of patients were in high level.Male scored(24.35±4.84),the female scored(26.74±5.19)(t=37.654,P<0.01);Those who had a personal monthly income of less than 2000 Yuan scored(27.15±3.56),those between 2000 to 5000 scored(27.46±5.46),and >5000 scored(25.32±4.54)(F=3.884,P<0.05);Patients who had a good family and social support scored(27.14±4.92),and(25.68±5.01)for those with low support(t=12.728,P<0.01).Patients with good psychological condition scored(26.92±5.00) and(26.53±5.07)for bad condition(t=6.284,P<0.01).In terms of education level,patients with college level scored(27.48±4.68),high school scored(26.32±4.91),junior high school scored(27.64±5.53) and primary school score(24.70±4.24)(F=2.837,P<0.05);Patients with positive attitude towards disease scored(26.86±4.95),’does no matter’attitude scored(24.53±4.49)(t=31.042,P<0.01).Conclusion The self-efficacy in patient with pulmonary TB was affected by many factors.Therefore,we should focus on main influencing factors to take appropriate measures in order to improve self-efficacy of pulmonary TB.