门静脉转流下入肝血流阻断动物模型的建立及评价

目的：设计一种可避免门静脉淤血的动物模型，排除门静脉淤血对肝脏功能恢复的影响，从而为肝脏耐受缺血时限的实验研究提供理想的实验模型。方法：利用大鼠肝脏解剖特点，分别阻断肝左、中、右叶肝蒂（ 约占全肝９５ ％ ） ，造成受累肝叶完全缺血；保留尾叶血供作为肝蒂阻断期间门静脉血经肝脏回流入下腔的通道，到预定观察终点，去除肝蒂阻断夹即恢复肝脏血流，切除尾状叶。经血管造影及染料示踪法观察肝蒂阻断后门静脉流出道的完整性及肝脏缺血的完全性以及肝蒂阻断前后血液动力学变化；并观察了肝脏再灌流后２４ ｈ 的病理变化及动物７ ｄ 存活率，与单纯入肝血流阻断组做对照。结果：这种新设计的门静脉转流下入肝血流阻断动物模型，肝脏缺血可靠，门静脉流出道完整，阻断肝蒂前后血液动力学稳定；肝脏病理变化及动物术后７ ｄ 存活率转流组与单纯入肝血流阻断组有明显差异，前者好于后者。结论：该模型复制方法简单、重复性高、对机体附加创伤和生理干扰小，是研究大鼠对入肝血流阻断耐受时限的理想模型。

Establishment and assessment of the model with normothermic hepatic inflow occlusion under portal blood bypass in rat

Purpose:To establish a new animal model of hepatic inflow occlusion without portal stasis.Methods:Wister rats weighing from 220 to 250 g were used.The liver pedicles of all liver lobers except for caudate were clamped tempora rily,the caudate which permitted portal blood bypass was resected after liver re-perfusion.Portography was made by injection of urografin or methylene blue solution into portal vein.Mean arterial pressure,portal vein pressure and inferior vena cava pressure were monitored during hepatic pedicles clamped.The survival rate and hepatic pathology were observed 7 days later and 24 hours after liver re-perfusion respectively.Results:There were characterizations in this model,such as stable hemodynamics,reliable liver ischemia,intact passage of portal vein etc.The survival rate and the liver pathology had significant differences between portal triad clamping and portal blood bypass.Conclusion:It is an ideal model to study the tolerance time limit of liver ischemia.