绝经后妇女颈动脉彩色多普勒与血管内皮功能相关性研究

目的:应用高分辨率彩色多普勒超声观察绝经后妇女颈动脉及血管内皮功能,并探讨两者的关系。方法:对37例绝经后妇女,观察其颈动脉内中膜厚度(intema-media thickness,IMT)、粥样斑块,及反应性充血时和舌下含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化,并对它们进行相关性分析。结果:绝经后妇女IMT较对照组明显增厚(P<0.01),且斑块发生率较对照组明显升高(P<0.01)。反应性充血时肱动脉内径的扩张程度与对照组相比在统计学上有显著性差异(P<0.01)。舌下含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化两组间有显著性差异(P<0.01)。颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率与反应性充血时和舌下含化硝酸甘油后动脉内径变化呈显著负相关(r=0.213,P<0.05;r=0.231,P<0.05)。结论:绝经后妇女存在血管内皮依赖性及非依赖性舒张功能的损伤,从而引起血管壁内中膜增厚及斑块形成。因此绝经后妇女血管内皮功能损伤促进了动脉粥样硬化的发生,从而导致了绝经后妇女心血管疾病发生率的剧增。

The association of carotid artery ultrasound with endothelial function In pestmenopausal women

Objective:To probe the correlation between the carotid artery and endothelial function in postmenopausal women using color Doppler Ultrasound. Methods:Measuring the carotid intima-media thickness(IMT), plaque incidence and the changes of brachial artery internal diameter under the reactive hyperemia situation or sublingual nitroglycerin in 37 postmenopausal women and analyzing their correlation. Results:IMT in postmenopausal women increased significantly (P<0.01) than that of control group. The plaque incidence was obviously higher than that in control group. The expanding degree of brachial artery internal diameter under reactive hyperemia situation was a significant difference between the postmenopausal women and control group (P<0.01). And also, there was a notable difference in the changes of brachial artery diameter after having taken nitroglycerin between the above two groups (P<0.01). The IMT and the changes of the brachial artery internal diameter under reactive hyperemia and after having taken nitroglycerin had a negtive relation (r=0.213, P<0.05); r=0.231, P<0.05). Conclusion:The dependent and non-dependent expanding function are obviously injured in postmenopausal women. The disturbance of endothelial function causes the IMT increase and plaque formation. The injures of the endothelium function in postmenopausal women cause and accelerate atherosclerosis.