参芎颗粒对脑缺血大鼠海马神经再生及空间学习记忆的影响

[目的]建立气虚血瘀型脑缺血大鼠模型，观察具有益气活血功效的参芎颗粒对模型大鼠海马齿状回区神经细胞的增殖、分化、存活及空间学习记忆能力的影响。【方法】将大鼠分为假手术组、脑缺血（气虚血瘀证）模型对照组、参芎组、人参组、川芎组，每组20只，运用BrdU掺人法、免疫组织化学、Morris水迷宫测试法来观察参芎颗粒对脑缺血大鼠神经细胞增殖、分化、存活和空间学习记忆的影响。【结果】脑缺血可使海马齿状回颗粒下层新生细胞增多，参芎颗粒不能促进脑缺血大鼠新生细胞的增殖（P〉0．05）。但与脑缺血组比较，可以明显提高新生细胞的存活率，增加新生神经元数目（P〈O．01），显著缩短模型大鼠找到水下平台的潜伏期（P〈0.01），并优于人参组和川芎组（P〈0．01）。【结论】参芎颗粒（益气活血法）可促进气虚血瘀型脑缺血大鼠新生神经细胞的存活和向神经元定向分化，进而改善空间记忆功能，效果优于人参颗粒（益气法）和川芎颗粒（活血法）。

Effect of Shenxiong granules on regeneration of neural cells in hippocampus and spatial learning and memory ability in rats with cerebral ischemia

[Objective] To establish the animal models of cerebral ischemia in rats due to Qi deficiency and blood stasis and investigate the effect of granules of Ginseng and Ligusticum chuanxiong Shenxiong granules with strengthening Qi and promoting blood circulation on neural cells proliferation, differentiation, survival and spatial learning and memory ability in rats with the cerebral ischemia. [Methods] The following experimental groups were designed: sham operated group, cerebral ischemia group, group of cerebral ischemia treated with Ligusticum Chuanxiong granules Shenxiong granules, cerebral ischemia treated with Ginseng granules (Renshen granules), cerebral ischemia treated with Ligusticum Chuanxiong granules (Chuanxiong granules), n=20 for each group. The BrdU incorporation assay and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the impact of Shenxiong granules on the proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural cells and spatial learning and memory ability in rat with cerebral ischemia in response in Water maze. [Results] Cerebral ischemia could increase the number of newly proliferating cells in the lower layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus granule, but the treatment with Shenxiong granules could not increase the number of newly proliferating cells (P >0.05). It suggested that these TCM did not have direct effect on the target of the cellular proliferation pathway. On the other hand, we observed that the Shenxiong granules considerably increased the survival rate of rats,promoted the number of newly proliferating neuron and shorten the incubative time for finding the submerged platformin water(P<0.01). In addition, the beneficial effect of Shenxiong granules was considerably greater than that of Shenxiong granules(P<0.01). [Conclusion] Shenxiong granules having effect of supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation can increase the survival rate of rats and promote the differentiation of newly proliferating neuron in rats of cerebral ischemia with deficiency of Qi and stagnant blood circulation, improve their capability of spatial learning and memory, and this effect is considerably greater than the Ginseng granules having the effect of benefiting Qi and Ligusticum Chuanxiong granules having the effect of promoting blood circulation.