Smoking, drinking, sleeping habits, and other lifestyle factors and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in Japanese females: findings from the KYSS study |
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| Authors: | Masakazu Washio Takahiko Horiuchi Chikako Kiyohara Hiroko Kodama Yoshifumi Tada Toyoko Asami Hiroki Takahashi Gen Kobashi Takashi Abe Hisato Tanaka Norihiko Nogami Mine Harada Hiroshi Tsukamoto Saburo Ide Kohei Nagasawa Osamu Ushiyama Takao Hotokebuchi Kazushi Okamoto Naomasa Sakamoto Satoshi Sasaki Yoshihiro Miyake Tetsuji Yokoyama Mitsuru Mori Asae Oura Yasuhisa Sinomura Hiromu Suzuki Motohisa Yamamoto Yutaka Inaba Masaki Nagai |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;(2) Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan;(3) Department of Community Health and Clinical Epidemiology, St. Mary's College, 422 Tsubuku-hon-machi, Kurume 830-8558, Japan;(4) Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan;(5) Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;(6) Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan;(7) Tanaka Hospital, Saga, Japan;(8) Wakakusuryouikuen Hospital, Tosu, Japan;(9) Aichi Prefectural College of Nursing and Health, Nagoya, Japan;(10) Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan;(11) National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan;(12) Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan;(13) National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan;(14) Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;(15) Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Many risk factors have been proposed for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, there is little information about the relationship between lifestyles and SLE in Japan. Two case control studies were conducted in Kyushu, southern Japan, and in Hokkaido, northern Japan, to examine the relationship between lifestyles and development of SLE in females. The participants were 78 patients and 329 controls in Kyushu and 35 patients and 188 controls in Hokkaido. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of SLE after adjusting for age in both regions. However, in Hokkaido, this association between smoking and SLE did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for alcohol drinking. The present study suggests that smoking may increase the risk of SLE among Japanese females. |
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| Keywords: | Epidemiology KYSS study Risk factors Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
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