浙江省余姚市育龄妇女死因分析

目的　了解近几年浙江省余姚市育龄妇女死亡情况及主要死因，以了解死因疾病谱是否变化，提出预防措施。方法　收集2001 -2007年基层妇幼人员上报的育龄妇女死亡调查年报表。死因分类按ICD-10分类。人口数据来自市计生局统计科。统计学方法用I/Isup2/sup检验。结果　2001-2007年育龄妇女死亡率为9.04/万；死因前5位为恶性肿瘤（占49.14%）、伤害因素（占27.29%）、心血管疾病（占11.54%）、泌尿系统疾病（占3.01%）、消化系统疾病（占1.87%）；因恶性肿瘤死亡病例中消化、生殖、呼吸、血液、中枢神经各系统恶性肿瘤占93.39%，前5位恶性肿瘤为肝癌、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、子宫癌；伤害因素主要为车祸、自杀，占87.20%。结论　育龄妇女死亡率无明显下降；因恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、泌尿系统疾病死亡较前有所上升；伤害死亡以车祸及自杀为主，是35岁前年龄段的首位死因。

Analysis of the cause of death for women of child-bearing age in Yuyao, Zhejiang province

Objective The study was conducted to determine the mortality and primary causes of death for women of child-bearing age in Yuyao, Zhejiang province in recent years, in order to clarify the alteration of spectrum of diseases, providing evidence for preventive measures. Methods Official annual reported statistics on deaths of women of childbearing age from 2001 through 2007 were collected for analysis. Causes of death were classified according to ICD-10 codes, and demographic data were from the birth control statistics bureau. Chi-square test was used for comparison. Results The mortality of women of child- bearing from 2001 through 2007 was 9.04/104; the top five causes of death constituted malignancies （49.14%）, injury factors （27.29%）, cardiovascular diseases （11.54%）, urinary system diseases （3.01%）, and digestive system diseases （1.87%）. Digestive malignancies, reproductive malignancies, respiratory malignancies, blood malignancies, and malignancies of the central nervous system accounted altogether for 93.39% of the death of malignant tumors. Of all malignant tumors the top five predominant ones included liver cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and uterine cancer. The major injury factors constituted car accident and suicide, accounting for 87.20%. Conclusion No significant decline was observed in the mortality of women of child-bearing age. An increase in the mortality as a result of malignancies, cardiovascular diseases and urinary system diseases has been shown compared to the previous period of time. Car accident injuries and suicide were the most common injury factors leading to the death of the 35 -year-old group.