淮安市消灭脊髓灰质炎策略及效果分析

目的 评价淮安市消灭脊髓灰质炎防制策略效果。方法描述1956年以来脊髓灰质炎发病趋势；分析不同时期该病防制策略及发病特点。结果 随着脊灰疫苗的广泛使用和消灭脊灰活动的深入开展，淮安市脊灰发病率逐年下降，80年代脊灰发病开始得到有效控制，1995年以来已无确诊病例发生。主要防制策略是在常规免疫的基础上，开展强化免疫；加强免疫监测和急性弛缓性麻痹病例的监测。结论 淮安市已阻断了脊灰野病毒的传播；脊灰控制后，免疫策略应作相应调整，以控制疫苗相关病例的发生。

Study on strategies and effects of eradicating poliomyelitis in Huaian

Objective To assess the effect of strategies used in erad icating poliomyelitis in Huaian.Methods To describe the trend and features of incidence o f poliomyelitis in Huaian. Results Introduction of oral polioviurs vaccine (OPV) in 1963 had a dramatic effect on controlling an extensive epidemic of poliomyelitis ;the total burden of poliomyelitis was reduced since 1980s and no more cases of poliomyelitis were found since 1995.The basic control strategies used to erad icate poliomyelitis included: routine immunization of children aged under one ye ar old with at least three doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV);all children aged u nder 4 years old were given two extra doses of OPV on two days separated by one month;surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) to identify all reservoirs o f wild poliovirus transmission. Conclusion The transmission of wild poliovirus was contro lled in Huaian.After the eradication of poliomyelitis,the immunization strategie s should be adjusted.