妊娠晚期羊水过少对围生儿的影响及相关因素分析

目的：探讨妊娠晚期羊水过少对围生儿的影响及相关因素。方法：对121例妊娠晚期羊水过少孕妇进行分析，并与羊水量正常分娩者进行比较。结果：在孕≥42周者中，羊水过少的发生率为13．51％，在孕40“～41“周者为4．28％，在孕37～40周者为2．86％，在〈37周者为2．21％；在妊娠合并症者中为24．79％。羊水过少组剖宫产、胎儿窘迫及羊水Ⅱ-Ⅲ度粪染发生率较均对照组高（P〈0．01），且羊水量越少，羊水粪染及胎儿窘迫发生率越高（P〈0．01）。羊水过少组新生儿窒息发生率与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：羊水过少与延期或过期妊娠及妊娠并发症关系密切，它严重威胁围生儿生命，造成不良妊娠结局。发现羊水过少后，应适时终止妊娠，可分娩者以剖宫产为宜，可改善围生儿预后。

Influence of oligohydramnios at late pregnancy on perinatal infants and analysis of the related factors

Objective：To analyze the influence of oligohydramnios at the late pregnancy on the perinatal infants and the related factors. Methods：A total of 121 cases of oligohydramnios were analyzed and compared with those with normal amniotic fluid. Results： Thirteen point fifty-one percent oligohydramnios occurred in cases exceeding 42 gestational weeks ,4.28% in cases with 40 ^＋1 - 41^＋6 gestational weeks ,2.86% in cases with 37 -40 gestational weeks and 2.21% in cases under 37 gestational weeks. The occurrence of oligohydramnios was 24.79% in cases with high risk pregnancy. The rate of cesarean section,fetus predicament and Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade amniotic fluid affection in the oligohydramnios group was higher than that in the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The volume of oligohydramnios was negatively related to the rate of cesarean section and fetus predicament（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The rate of rebirth stifling in the oligohydramnios group was higher than that of the control group, but the difference was not obvious （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions ： Oligohydramnios is closely associated with prolonged pregnancy and other related complications, which gravely threatens the life of perinatal infants. Therefore, timely termination of pregnancy or caesarean section is suggested to cases with oligohyrdramnios.