四川省人感染猪链球菌病死亡病例特征分析

目的描述人感染猪链球菌病死亡病例特征，探讨预防死亡发生的重点人群及其指示指标。方法采用统一问卷开展人感染猪链球菌病流行病学调查；以存活病例为对照分析死亡病例的人口统计学特征、临床特征及危险因素暴露情况。结果人感染猪链球菌病病死率最高的人群是40～49岁年龄组（病死率29．73％），97．37％的死亡病例有中毒性休克表现。死亡病例发病至入院平均间隔为0．76天，平均病程为2．11天，病程进展较存活病例更快。死亡病例中皮肤瘀点（斑）（73．68％）、腹泻（50．0％）、呼吸困难（21．05％）、眼结膜充血（34．21％）等临床表现较存活病例常见，肝、肾功能损伤较存活病例严重。死亡病例的平均潜伏期、危险因素暴露率与存活病例相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论早期预防休克是减少猪链球菌感染死亡的关键，40岁以上病例是预防死亡的重点人群。对病例开展肝、肾功能指标监测可有效反映疾病进展与结局。

Analysis on features of dead cases with human Streptococcus suis infections

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of dead cases with human Streptococcus suis infections, and to find the target population for preventing death and the related indicators. METHODS: Epidemiological investigation on human Streptococcus suis infections was implemented used unified questionnaires. Analysis on dead cases and survival cases (as contrast) was done. RESULTS: The population with highest fatality rate was in 40-49 age group. 97.37% of dead cases had toxic shock syndrome. The mean interval from onset to admission was 0.76 days, and the mean course was 2.11 days. The progression among dead cases was faster than that among survival cases. Chief clinical manifestations of dead cases that are more frequent than survival cases are purpura (73.68%), diarrhea (50.0%), dyspnea (21.05%), conjunctival congestion (34.21%), etc. Renal impairment and liver involvement in dead cases were more significant than that in survival cases. No significant difference between mean incubation period, exposure rates of main risk factors in dead cases and in survival cases was found. CONCLUSION: Preventing toxic shock syndrome might reduce the fatality rate. The target population for preventing death is aged > or = 40. Liver function and renal function testing might be indicators for monitoring the progression of human Streptococcus suis infections.