全国孕产妇死亡监测结果分析

目的 了解我国各地区孕产妇死亡率、死亡原因及影响因素,提出降低孕产妇死亡率的对策与措施。方法 根据全国及各省的人口数进行分层整群抽样,形成覆盖全国１．０亿人口的２４７个监测点,对监测资料进行分析。结果 监测地区７年内活产总数为８７０９２２０例,孕产妇死亡率７年平均为７７．４／１０万,其中城市为４５．５／１０万,农村为９５．４／１０万;全国不同地区孕产妇死亡率为２６．０／１０万￣３０８．０／１０万不

Analysis of national maternal mortality rate surveillance. Maternal Death Investigation Cooperative Group of China

Objective To analyze the results of matemal mortality rate (MMR) surveillance in 247 monitoring areas. Methods Based on the demographic characteristics of different areas, stratum sampling method was used, and 247 monitoring points from 30, provinces ,autonomous regions and cities covered about 100million population were selecteded in China in 1989-1995. Results In the 7 years of monitoring there were 8 709 220 cases of live births with 5 984 cases of matemal deaths in these monitoring poeints. The average MMR was 77.4/100 000 with 45 .5/100 000 in urban areas and 95 .4/100 000 in rural areas. There were significant differences of MMR from area to area from 26.0/100 000 to 308.0/100 000.The causes of maternal deaths in succession were obsaetric hemorrhage, pregnancy induced hypertension, heart diseases, amniotic fluid embolism, puerperal infection and hepatic diseases, and these 6 constiuted 81. 6% of the total. According to the audit of mortality cases demanded by WHO, the results showed that there was 73.0% avoidable to and 27.0% unavoidable deaths. The main problems were: 49.7% among the medical and health care system, chiefiy lack of knowledg and skill of the medical personnels; 44.5% 0f the pregnant women and their family members lack the basic health knowledge. Conclusion To improve the living condition of both mother and children, to increase hespital delivery rate, training medical personnel's skill, to prpvide better maternal health are, and to strengthen health education are effective measures to decrease MMR.