文化程度和个体化教育对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响

目的 观察2型糖尿病患者文化教育程度和个体化教育与其血糖控制情况的关系.方法 8887例患者资料来自本中心糖尿病信息管理系统中2004年1月至2008年12月确诊的2型糖尿病患者,按文化程度分为大学组2968例,高中组2156例,小学组3763例.多次接受糖尿病现场教育或个体化咨询的患者2034例,未接受过糖尿病教育的患者6853例.比较糖尿病患者的文化程度以及接受糖尿病知识教育后血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素、血脂、体重指数等指标的控制情况.采用单因素方差分析、t检验、卡方检验进行统计学分析.结果 糖尿病患者文化程度越高,其血糖控制情况越为理想(χ2=24.71,P<0.01),大学组血糖控制情况明显好于高中组与小学组.多次接受糖尿病知识个体化教育患者与未接受过个体化教育患者之间血糖控制情况同样存在显著差异(χ2=15.52,P<0.01),未接受糖尿病个体化教育组的患者体重指数、HbA1c、餐后血糖明显高于接受糖尿病个体化教育组.结论 糖尿病患者的文化教育水平及个体化教育程度对其血糖控制、并发症顶防及生活质量改善有显著意义.

Impact of education level and individualized diabetic education on glucose control in diabetic patients

Objective To observe the association between educational level and individualized diabetic education and glucose control in diabetic patients. Methods A total of 8887 sets of type 2 diabetic patients' information were collected from the diabetes information management system from January 2004 to December 2008. According to their educational level, the participants were divided into 3 groups: college group (n = 2968), high school group (n = 2156), and primary school group (n = 3763). Of those patients, 2034 received diabetic education or individualized consultation for several times, the other 6853 subjects never received any diabetic education. The effect of education level and diabetic education on glucose control in diabetic patients was observed. Systolic pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, serum insulin, Cpeptide, serum lipid profile and body mass index were measured. One-way analysis of variances, t test, and Chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results The participants with higher education level experienced more optimal glucose control (χ2 = 24.71, P < 0.01). The glucose control was significantly better in the college group than in the high school group or primary school group. There was also significant difference in glucose control situation between the patients received individualized diabetic education several times and those never did (χ2 = 15.52, P < 0.01). Patients without individualized diabetic education had significantly higher body mass index, HbA1c, and postprandial plasma glucose levels than those with such education. Conclusion Education level and individualized diabetic education may have important effects on glucose control, diabetic complication prevention, and quality of life improvement.