免疫球蛋白E在儿童呼吸道变态反应性疾病中的作用及分布

目的探讨呼吸道变态反应性疾病儿童特异性免疫球蛋白IgE（SIgE）在各年龄分布及其与总IgE（TIgE）的关系。方法采用荧光酶联免疫检测系统，对73例哮喘、过敏性咳嗽患儿，按年龄分为3组，进行14项SIgE检测，包括食人组和吸入组，同时检测TIgE。结果①患儿TIgE检出率，三组检出率没有显著差异。②患儿SIgE检出率有随年龄增加而增高的趋势。③患儿〈3岁组以食物多价Fmea以及Dx最高，各为5例；而3—6岁组以Fmea最高，为15例；〉6岁组Mxl最高14例。④SIgE和TIgE检测结果有明显相关，但两者检出率无明显差异。如以SIgE阳性和（或）TIgE阳性合并统计，患儿IgE阳性检出率为95．89％。结论①患儿〈3岁组的SIgE和TIgE检出率并不低。②患儿〈3岁婴幼儿最常见的变应原为食入性Fmea、F2、F4。③3～6岁学龄前儿童仍以食人性变应原为主，最高为Fmea，其次为F2，但吸入性变应原开始增多，Dx、Mxl以及wx；④〉6岁组学龄儿童则以室内吸入性变应原为主，Mxl最高，其次为El／E5、Dx，还有食入性Fmea。⑤SIgE与TIgE有很好的相关性，SIgE联合TIgE检测能够提高检出率，更有效地诊断儿童呼吸道变态反应疾病。

The Effective and Distribution of Immunoglobulin E in Children with Respiratory Allergic Disease

Objective To study the distribution of specific immunoglobulin E （SIgE） and its relationship with the total immunoglobulin E （TIgE） in children with respiratory allergic disease. Methods Serum SIgE Was measured in 73 children, who were divided into 3 groups according age-bracket, with asthma and allergic cough by Mediwiss system. The SIgE included food and phadiatop allergen sensitization, and serum TIgE was also detected. Results （1） The positive detection rate of TIgE were not significient different among three groups. （2） The positive detection rate of SIgE was increased along with age （3） the high positive rate in patients aged 〈 3 years were Fmea and Dx, each of them has 5 patients. The high positive rate in patients of 3 -6 years was Fmea, 15patients. The highest positive rate in patients aged 〉 6 years was Mxl, 14 patients. （4） The positive detection rate of SIgE was related with TIgE positive detection rate, but there was no significient difference between them. Totally the positive detection rate of IgE was 95.89%. Conclusion （1） The positive detection rate of SIgE and TIgE in patients aged 〈 3 years were not lower than other groups. （2） Asthmatic infants mainly manifest food allergen sensitization, such as Fmea,F2 and F4. （3） Food allergen sensitization were also the main allergens in patients with 3- 6 years, such as Fmea and F2, but the positive of phadiatop was increased, such as Dx, Mxl and Wx.
（4） The positive of phadiatop was mainly manifest in children aged 〉6 years, such as Mxl ,El/E5 and Dx. （5） The combined detection of the SIgE and the TIgE may increase the positive rate and diagnose the patients with respiratory allergic disease.