体外分离培养胎盘多分化潜能细胞的实验研究

目的 探索一种新的获取间充质干细胞（mesemchymal stem cells，MSCs）的来源及方法。MSCs在成人骨髓内含量极低．数量随着年龄的增长而减少。MSCs同时少量出现于外周血以及脐带血、胎儿组织器官内，然而，胎儿组织样本难以获取，脐带血中含量太低。这样，如何获得合适的MSCs来源以建立稳定的培养体系．同时避免伦理道德问题的约束是一个值得探索的课题。方法 消化胎盘实体组织，贴壁培养细胞，观测形态并检测其细胞表面抗原表达以及分化潜能。结果 胎盘组织中分离出的贴壁细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞有相似形态和细胞表面标志，具有分化为成骨细胞以及神经细胞的能力。结论 胎盘组织中含有的多分化潜能细胞（placenta．derived muhipotent cells，PDMCs）与骨髓MSCs形态功能相似．胎盘可以作为获取MSCs的一种有效来源。

The Empirical Study of Isolation of Multipotent Cells from Human Term Placenta in Vitro

Objective MSCs are a rare population of adult human BM. Moreover, numbers of BMSCs significantly decrease with age. MSCs are also relatively few in adult peripheral blood and in term cord blood. Furthemore, MSCs are present in fetal organs. However, fetal samples can be difficult to procure, and term cord blood compared with preterm is a poor source of MSCs. So, searching for appropriate sources, avoiding ethical issues and establishing suitable culture systems are challenges. Here we tried to identify cells with MSC-like potency in human placenta. Methods First, we isolated and adhered culture cells from placenta entity tissue. Then we examined these cells for morphology, surface markers and differentiation potential. Results Cells isolated form placenta have the similar morphology and cell surface antigen with bone mesemehymal stem cells and could be induced to differentiate into neuron-like or ostecblast-like cells. Conclusion Placenta-derived multipotent cells have multilineage differentiation potential similar to MSCs in morphology and cell-surface antigen expression. The placenta may prove to be a useful source of MSCs.