波动性葡萄糖对胰岛细胞凋亡及PTEN表达的影响

目的:研究细胞凋亡是否与PTEN表达升高相关,并探讨PTEN表达升高是否通过活性氧簇(ROS)进行调控。方法:细胞分为5组:恒定低糖组(L组)、恒定高糖组(H组)、葡萄糖波动组(F组)、高糖后低糖组(HL组)及波动后低糖组(FL组)。检测各组ROS水平、细胞凋亡率、细胞内钙离子浓度、胰岛素水平和PTEN蛋白的表达。结果:F组较H、L组钙离子浓度升高,胰岛素分泌减少,ROS水平升高,PTEN蛋白表达增加,细胞凋亡增多(P0.05)。HL组较H组钙离子浓度、ROS水平、PTEN蛋白表达和凋亡率有所下降,但仍高于L组(P0.05)。FL组较F组钙离子浓度、ROS水平、PTEN蛋白表达和凋亡率有所下降,但仍高于低糖组(P0.05)。结论:波动性葡萄糖较恒定高糖更易导致胰岛细胞凋亡,可能与细胞内钙离子浓度变化,加重氧化应激促进PTEN表达增加有关。葡萄糖浓度恢复可一定程度解除氧化应激,使PTEN表达减少,细胞损伤减轻。

Effects of intermittent high glucose on apoptosis and PTEN expression in islet cells

AIM: To investigate whether the increase in PTEN expression is related to apoptosis, and whether it is regulated by reactive oxygen species(ROS). METHODS: The rat islet cells were divided into constant low glucose group (group L), constant high glucose group (group H), glucose fluctuation group (group F), low glucose after high glucose group (group HL) and low glucose after fluctuation group (group FL). The ROS level, apoptotic rate, intracellular calcium, insulin release and PTEN protein expression were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with groups H and L, the insulin secretion decreased, and intracellular calcium, ROS level, PTEN protein expression and apoptotic rate increased in group F (P<0.05). Compared with group H, the intracellular calcium, ROS level, PTEN protein expression and apoptotic rate in group HL decreased, but were still higher than those in group L (P<0.05). Compared with group F, the intracellular calcium, ROS level, PTEN protein expression and apoptotic rate in group FL decreased, but were still higher than those in group L (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Glucose fluctuation can cause the apoptosis of islet cells more easily than constant high glucose. This may be related to the change of intracellular calcium and increase in oxidative stress which promotes PTEN expression. The recovery of glucose level to some extent relieves oxidative stress, decrease PTEN expression and reduce cell damage.