适合磁共振成像的羊颈脊髓压迫性损伤模型的建立与病理学观察

目的 探讨建立一种新的适合MRI研究的羊颈髓压迫损伤模型,并对其进行影像学和神经功能评价.方法 12只20～25 kg山羊随机分为实验组和对照组,每组6只,通过椎间孔把导管球囊插入羊颈髓的硬膜外腔.手术10天后,实验组注入0.2 ml生理盐水,持续压迫40天,对照组不注生理盐水.利用MRI、运动功能评分和病理学检查对模型进行评价.结果 实验组MR影像表现为脊髓受压变扁,运动功能评分下降.病理学显示神经元变性,胶质细胞增生,炎性细胞浸润,有髓神经髓鞘部分板层状结构紊乱,部分明显分层.对照组各项检查未见明显异常.结论 经颈椎间孔置入导管球囊制作的羊颈髓压迫性损伤的动物模型适合进行急性和慢性脊髓压迫性损伤的研究,为利用MR深入研究颈髓压迫症的病理生理变化奠定了基础.

Establishment and physiopathology observation of cervical spinal cord compression injury model in goat for MRI research

Objective To establish a new injury model of goat cervical spinal cord compression for MRI research. Methods Twelve goats were randomly divided into two groups: compression group and control group (each n=6). A balloon catheter was inserted into the epidural space via intervertebral foramen. In compression group, the balloon was inflated by slow injection of 0.2 ml of saline 10 days following operation and remained 40 days. In control group, the balloon was not inflated. All models were evaluated with MRI, locomotor rating score and pathology. Results In compression group, the spinal cord was moderately compressed after the balloon was inflated and the locomotor rating scores decreased. Histopathologically, swelling and degeneration of axons and neurons, inflammatory cell could be seen under examination of light microscope. The disarrangement of myelin sheathes and degeneration of chondriosome could be seen under examination of transmission electron microscopy. In control group, all the examinations were normal. Conclusion The goat cervical spinal cord compression injury model is suitable for research on acute or gradual spinal cord compression injury (SCCI), and is of great value for the research on physiopathology of SCCI with MRI.