北京地区火车站流动人群艾滋病知识及行为调查分析

目的:了解北京地区火车站流动人群对艾滋病防治相关知识及需求现状,为开展进一步干预措施提供依据.方法:采取随机抽样方法,对北京站和北京西站的流动人群在知情同意的情况下进行面对面的问卷调查.所有资料录入Excel后用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析.结果:在1126份有效问卷中,19~39岁性活跃人群占78.68%,初高中文化水平占64.74%,6.82%第一次听说艾滋病,获取艾滋病知识最主要的途径中电视、广播占了54.6%,明白HIV和AIDS这两个词的意义者仅占41.79%和28.15%,79.39%知道艾滋病的三大主要传播途径,认为普通生活接触例如握手、共同进餐不会被感染者仅占41.04%,而认为与艾滋病患者只要有一次性接触就一定会被感染 者高达28.91%,14.2%的人认为感染了艾滋病毒很快就会发病死亡,回答艾滋病的治疗方法时选择中医中药疗法者(58.29%)远较选择鸡尾酒疗法(34.11%)高,对于目前的流行形势和我们国家在防控艾滋病方面的工作70.77%认为有信心,相信党和政府会控制得很好.结论:今后在流动人口中进行艾滋病的宣传应加大电视、广播的宣传力度,并且用通俗易懂的语言和方式,要有更丰富的知识,而不要仅仅停留在传播途径的宣传上,国家要适当调整宣传方向,艾滋病没有那么可怕,只要正确防护就不会感染;还要充分强调安全套在防止经性传播艾滋病中的重要性.

HIV/AIDS knowledge and behaviors of mobile population at railway stations in Beijing

Objectives: To learn about HIV/AIDS knowledge level of the mobile population at the railway stations in Beijing,so as to provide a scientific basis for the further conduction of AIDS intervention.Methods: Radom sampling was used to select some of the mobile people at Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station.With their informed consent,they were interviewed face to face with the structured-questionnaire.All the data was recorded in Excel and analyzed through SPSS 13.0.Results: From 1126 qualified questionnaires,we learned that a large proportion of the f1oating population was sex-active(78.68%,19-39 years old) and received only junior and high middle school education(64.74%).About 6.82% of the subjects had never heard of AIDS.TV and broadcast were their major ways to learn information about HIV/AIDS(54.6%).The interviewees understanding the meaning of HIV and AIDS accounted for 41.79% and 28.15% respectively.A high percentage of mobile population knew the three major HIV transmission routes with a rate above 79.39%.However,only 41.04% knew that ordinary daily life contact like hand-shaking and having meal together were not among HIV transmission routes.In addition,28.91% believed that HIV could be transmitted through once sexual intercourse.14.2% thought that once infected,the patient would died soon.As to the therapies of AIDS,58.29% of subjects chose the answer Traditional Chinese Medicine instead of drug cocktail therapy(34.11%).With regard to current HIV prevalence and government’s effort,70.77% believed that the Party and the government could control HIV prevalence efficiently.Conclusion: There should be more publicity about HIV/AIDS knowledge for mobile population on TV and over broadcast with simple and intelligible words.Besides transmission route,more information about AIDS should be exposed to the public so that they won’t become so dreadful about AIDS and will recognize that AIDS is not easily communicable when prevented in right ways.The roles and effects of condom in preventing HIV transmission should be emphasized in sexual intercourse.