六西格玛理论对提高儿科静脉注射水平的研究

目的探讨六西格玛理论对提高儿科静脉注射水平的作用。方法2006年6—12月我院门诊输液室输液患儿419例，分为观察组204例和对照组215例。观察组应用六西格玛理论中定义、测量、分析、改进和控制步骤，调查影响儿科静脉注射的因素，比较两组患儿静脉穿刺一次成功率，家属陪伴数和注射操作时间等方面。结果影响儿科静脉注射的因素包括固定方式血管显现程度、血管充盈度和家长陪伴数。观察组一次穿刺成功率与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义；观察组患儿静脉穿刺时的家属陪伴数得到了有效控制，且注射操作时间得到了改善。结论六西格玛理论能使护理操作更具规范化和实用性，更进一步提高了护理服务的质量与患儿及家属满意度。通过六西格玛的管理方法，能有效提高儿科门急诊的静脉注射水平。

Study in improving level of pediatric intravenous injection by Six-sigma theory

Objective To improve the level of pediatric intravenous injection by the application of the Six-sigma theory.Methods According to Six-sigma theory,five steps were followed: definition,measurement,analysis,improvement,and control.Data were collected by questionnaire including various factors impacting on intravenous puncture and their influencing degree.All data were analysed with statistical methods,conclusion and improvement were introduced.Results After improving the one injection method,there were significant difference in the success rate compared with the original method(P<0.05).The number of onlookers during the injection was also effectively controlled(P<0.05).Only one family member was allowed to accompany the child during the injection.In children with indistinct veins or unfilled blood vessels,the success rate of one puncture was improved than before.Conclusion Through the application of the Six-sigma theory in the practice of pediatric intravenous injection,are puncture success rate is much improved.