腹膜后途径行主髂动脉重建的体会

目的总结腹膜后途径行主髂动脉重建的经验体会。方法28例患者在全身麻醉或硬膜外麻醉下接受了腹膜后途径主、髂动脉重建术,其中右侧8例,左侧20例。术式包括腹主动脉瘤切除加人工血管置换;腹主动脉内膜剥脱加补片成形;降主-腹主动脉人工血管转流;腹膜后肿物切除加髂总-股动脉人工血管转流;髂动脉瘤切除加腹主-髂外动脉人工血管转流;腹主-右髂总动脉异物取出;髂总动脉内膜剥脱;腹主-股动脉人工血管转流;髂总动脉．股动脉人工血管转流;髂总．股．胭动脉人工血管转流。术毕腹膜后腔放置胶管引流24例。结果28例患者手术全部成功,围手术期无死亡,术毕重建血管动脉搏动良好。术中出血150—400ml(平均240m1);术中2例患者输血;术后腹膜后腔引流量为50—170ml(平均85m1);术后平均28h拔除胃管。术后除心功能不全、应激性溃疡及腹膜后血肿各1例外,其余患者均未出现明显心、脑、肾、呼吸及消化系统并发症。22例患者随访3个月至2．5年。1例患者术后2年死于急性心梗,1例髂-股-腘动脉转流的患者术后10个月股-腘动脉段转流血管闭塞,1例患者术后近1．5年时虽患肢情况良好,但突发脑出血,其余患者均正常生活。结论腹膜后途径在充分显露主髂动脉的基础上,保证了腹膜腔的完整性,大大降低对胃肠道以及呼吸系统的影响,减少了术后肠麻痹以及呼吸系统并发症,避免了术后肠黏连、机械性肠梗阻的发生,是一种较为简便安全的主髂动脉手术途径。

Experiences of retroperitoneal approach for aortoiliac reconstruction

OBJECTIVE: To summarize experiences of aortoiliac reconstruction through retroperitoneal approach. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients underwent retroperitoneal aortoiliac reconstructions, including aortic aneurysmectomy with graft replacement, aortic endarterectomy with patch angioplasty, thoraco-abdominal aortic bypass, resection of retroperitoneal mass with ilio-femoral bypass, iliac aneurysmectomy with aorto-external iliac artery bypass, removal of aortoiliac foreign body, common iliac endarterectomy, aorto (ilio)-femeral bypass and common ilio-femo-popliteal bypass. Drainage tubes were placed retroperitoneally in 24 cases. RESULTS: All operations in this group were successful without perioperative death. The volume of intra-operative bleeding was 100-400 ml (mean 240 ml). Blood transfusion were employed in 2 cases. Retroperitoneal drainage was 50-170 ml (mean 85 ml). Naso-gastric tubes were removed 28 h on average after operation. All patients recovered uneventfully except that cardiac insufficiency, stress ulcer and retroperitoneal hematoma were present in 3 patients respectively. Twenty-two patients were followed up from 3 months to 2.5 years. One patient died of AMI 2 years after operation. One patient receiving ilio-femo-popliteal bypass was found to have occlusion of femo-popliteal segment of prosthetic graft. One patient developed brain hemorrhage 1.5 years postoperatively. All the other followed-up patients were living well. CONCLUSION: Retroperitoneal approach, not violating the peritoneal cavity, offers certain physiological advantages associated with minimal disturbance of gastrointestinal and respiratory function, thereby decreasing respiratory complications and postoperative ileus, avoiding intra-abdominal adhesions with their attendant risk of early and late small bowel obstruction. It proved to be a simple and safe alternative for surgical treatment of aortoiliac diseases.