基于聚类分析的免疫检查点抑制剂不良事件文献计量研究

目的 对免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors，ICIs）相关不良事件的研究文献进行计量分析，寻找该领域的研究热点及重点，为后续研究提供参考。方法 检索PubMed、EMbase、CNKI、CBM、VIP及万方数据库，收集相关文献。采用Endnote软件对文献进行筛选；采用Bicomb软件提取数据并分析发表年份、杂志、文献类型等，同时生成高频主题词的词篇矩阵；采用SPSS软件对词篇矩阵进行聚类分析。结果 共纳入文献2 333篇。文献类型最多为论文，语种为英语。发文量前10位的均为外文期刊，其中发文量前3位的杂志分别为《The Lancet Oncology》《Immunotherapy》《Journal of Clinical Oncology》。共获得文献主题词7 091个，经聚类分析，高频主题词可聚为不良事件的具体表现、严重不良事件（肌炎及心肌炎）、常见不良事件（皮肤毒性、肝毒性和内分泌疾病）、不良事件的处理以及ICIs与其他治疗的联合应用等9个大类。结论 该领域自2011年起相关文献发表量快速上升，发表杂志也多为高影响因子期刊。当前的研究热点主要在不良事件的表现形式及发生率、严重不良事件以及常见不良事件的发生机制及其联系、激素在处理不良事件中的应用、ICIs与化疗药物等联合应用时不良事件的发生规律以及ICIs不良事件相关患者的治疗有效性。

Bibliometric Research of Adverse Events Caused by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Based on Cluster Analysis

OBJECTIVE To analyze the current hotspot of adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) for providing evidence on following research. METHODS Six data base were searched including PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang. Endnote was used to screen literatures. Bicomb was used to extract data and analyze publication year, magazine, document type, etc., and the word matrix of high-frequency topic words were generated. SPSS was used to take clustering analysis. RESULTS Two thousand three hundred and thirty three literatures were included in analysis. The most literature type and language were article and English. The top 10 publications were foreign journals. The top 3 journal on literature number were The Lancet Oncology, Immunotherapy and Journal of Clinical Oncology. Seven thousand and ninety one subject terms were obtained. High frequency terms were categorized to 9 dimension including various types of adverse events, serious adverse events(myositis and myocarditis), common adverse events(dermatotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and endocrine diseases), management of adverse events and using ICIs in combination with other therapies. CONCLUSION The number of literatures on adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors were increased rapidly since 2011, and most of journals have high impact factor. Current studies focus on manifestations and incidence of adverse events, the mechanism and relationship in serious adverse events and common adverse events, application of hormones in the management of adverse events, the regularity of adverse events when ICIs and chemotherapeutics are used in combination, and the effectiveness of treatment for patients related to ICIs adverse events.