酪氨酸激酶受体B及其配体脑源性神经营养因子水平对神经母细胞瘤耐药的影响

目的 研究酪氨酸激酶受体B（tyrosine kinase receptor,TrkB）及其配体脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF）的表达水平对神经母细胞瘤（neuroblastoma,NB）细胞化疗敏感性的影响。方法 Western-blot技术检测不同纳摩尔浓度全反式维甲酸（all trans-retinoic acid,ATRA）诱导后TrkB蛋白水平变化;四甲基偶氮蓝比色（MTT）法检测细胞存活率;流式细胞仪（flow cytometer,FCM）检测细胞凋亡率;透射电镜检测凋亡细胞的形态。结果 （1）不同浓度ATRA（1、10、100nmol／L）处理神经母细胞瘤细胞SY5Y5d,TrkB蛋白水平随ATRA浓度增加而增加;（2）BDNF10ng／ml＋ATRA 10nmol／L＋顺铂（Cisplatin,CP）5μg／ml作用组细胞存活率、凋亡率同单用CP组比较均无显著差异,BDNF（50、100ng／m1）加相同浓度ATRA及CP组细胞存活率均明显高于单用CP组,凋亡率均明显低于单用CP组,BDNF 100ng／ml组存活率高于BDNF 50ng／ml组,凋亡率低于BDNF 50ng／ml组。ATRA 1nmol／L＋BDNF 50ng／ml＋CP 5μg／ml组细胞存活率、凋亡率同单用CP组比较无显著差异,ATRA 10、100 nmol／L加相同浓度BDNF及CP组细胞存活率均明显高于单用CP组,凋亡率均明显低于单用CP组,ATRA 100 1nmol／L组细胞存活率高于ATRA 10nmol／L组,凋亡率低于ATRA 10nmol／L组。（3）透射电镜技术观察到CP作用组可见到较多细胞呈凋亡改变,而ATRA 10nmol／L＋BDNF 50ng／ml＋CP 5μg／ml组细胞形态多数正常。结论 SY5Y对化疗药顺铂的敏感性受TrkB及BDNF水平的影响,二者水平越高越容易产生化疗耐药。

Effects of tyrosine kinase receptor B and brain-derived neurotrophic factor on chemoresistance in neuroblastoma

OBJECTIVE: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric solid tumor derived from neural crest precursor cells. It is resistant to current therapeutic protocols, including high dose chemotherapy. The mechanisms of chemoresistance are very complex. The recent studies have shown that the levels of tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are high in NB tumors with poor prognosis. The aim of this research was to explore the effects of TrkB and BDNF levels on the chemotherapeutic sensitivity in neuroblastoma by using the NB cell line SH-SY5Y in vitro. METHODS: The expression of TrkB protein was detected with Western-blot after the treatment with different concentrations of all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Cell survival rate was analyzed using MTT. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry (FCM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS: (1) The expression of TrkB protein was undetectable in SY5Y. It was positive, however, after the treatment with ATRA (1, 10, 100 nmol/L) for five days. The level of TrkB protein was increased with adding of ATRA at different concentrations. (2) The difference of the survival and apoptotic rate between the BDNF (10 ng/ml) + ATRA (10 nmol/L) + cisplatin (CP, 5 microg/ml) group (survival rate 46.51% +/- 13.44%, apoptosis rate 11.79% +/- 1.53%) and the CP alone group (survival rate 38.51% +/- 9.66%, apoptosis rate 14.95% +/- 2.06%) was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The survival rate of the BDNF (50 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml) + ATRA (10 nmol/L) + CP (5 microg/ml) group (66.85% +/- 18.39%, 94.30% +/- 10.71%) was greatly higher than CP alone group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), whereas the apoptotic rate (9.36% +/- 1.03%, 5.20% +/- 1.99%) was significantly lower than that of the CP alone group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01). The survival rates of BDNF (100 ng/ml) + ATRA (10 nmol/L) + CP (5 microg/ml) group were higher than those of BDNF (50 ng/ml) + ATRA (10 nmol/L) + CP (5 microg/ml) group (P < 0.01), whereas the apoptotic rates were lower than those of BDNF (50 ng/ml) + ATRA (10 nmol/L) + CP (5 microg/ml) group (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between the ATRA (1 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP group (survival rate 45.33% +/- 11.83%, apoptosis rate 12.48% +/- 2.48%) and the CP alone group in the survival and apoptotic rates (P > 0.05). The survival rates of the ATRA (10 nmol/L, 100 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP (61.62% +/- 18.53%, 105.02% +/- 5.55%) group were greatly higher than those of the CP alone group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), whereas the apoptotic rate (9.36% +/- 1.03%, 5.05% +/- 1.88%) was significantly lower than that of the CDDP alone group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The survival rates of the ATRA (100 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP group were higher than those of the ATRA (10 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP group (P < 0.01), whereas the apoptotic rates were lower than the ATRA (10 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP group (P < 0.01). (3) Some of the cells showed apoptotic changes in the CP alone group, whereas the intranuclear chromoplasma was well-distributed, the nuclear membrane was clear, and mitochondria, ribosome and solvent were present in the ATRA (10 nmol/L) + BDNF (50 ng/ml) + CP group. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of SY5Y to CP was affected by TrkB and BDNF. The higher the level of TrkB and BDNF was, the lower the sensitivity of SY5Y to CP.