血站开展丙氨酸转移酶血液筛查意义的初步探讨

目的 通过对因丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)检测不合格而延缓献血的献血者与合格献血者献血筛查结果的比较分析,初步探讨现阶段继续开展ALT筛查对提高血液安全性的意义.方法 将2006年2月至2008年1月上海地区565 360名献血者中,参加过两次献血且两次献血间隔期在365天以内,ALT延缓献血者和合格献血者分成两组,比较分析两组第二次献血筛查的不合格率.结果 ALT延缓献血者人群在第二次献血筛查时,ALT、HBsAg、抗-HCV、梅毒筛查不合格率及总体不合格率分别为33.90%、0.38%、0.26%,0.32%和35.05%,显著高于合格献血者人群(P<0.01);抗-HIV筛查不合格率为0.06%,与合格献血者人群差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在核酸检测等新的检测技术应用于血液筛查以前,ALT血液筛查能部分检出酶免疫检测的窗口期漏检,保障血液安全.

Primary research on the importance of ALT testing performance in Chinese BTSs

Objective To evaluate the importance of alanine minotransferase (ALT) testing performance to the blood safety assurance in Chinese BTSs. Methods There were 565 360 blood donors who participated in the blood donation two times within 365 days from Feb. 2006 to Jan. 2008 in Shanghai. These donors were divided into two groups, namely ALT deferred donors and qualified donors. The secondtime blood screening results of those donors in the two groups were analyzed statistically. Results The reactive ratio of ALT, HBsAg, anti-HCV, Syphilis testing results and overall disqualification among ALT deferred donors were 33.90％, 0.38％, 0.26％, 0.32％ and 35.05％ respectively, significantly higher than those of qualified donors (P<0.01). The anti-HIV testing reactive ratio among ALT deferred donors was 0.06％ and had no significant difference from qualified donors (P>0.05). Conclusion Before the new methods, such as NAT, applied into blood donation screening system, ALT screening test could improve the blood safety by preventing the window-period failure of ELISA screening, in some certain.