HIV-1感染者接种23价肺炎疫苗的效果观察研究

目的 观察HIV-1感染者接种23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗(23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine,PPV23)的效果,评价疫苗接种的安全性、保护效果以及成本效益,为相关政策的制定提供参考。方法 用自行设计的调查问卷,通过电话或者面对面访谈对蓝山县2017—2019年接种过PPV23的145名HIV-1感染者进行调查,收集接种PPV23前后一年内接种者肺炎相关疾病的发生情况、接种疫苗后不良反应、相关疾病诊疗信息及费用情况等。结果 145名HIV-1感染者接种PPV23后,患呼吸道疾病和肺炎的发病率等都低于接种疫苗前(P<0.05),但是CD4⁺T细胞计数没有改变。结论 HIV-1感染者接种PPV23有助于降低HIV-1感染者发生肺部机会性感染,有良好的安全性和经济效益,值得在HIV-1感染人群中推广。

Effectiveness of vaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in HIV-1 infected persons

Objective To observe the effectiveness of vaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine(PPV23)in HIV-1 infected persons,to evaluate safety,protective effect and cost-effectiveness of the vaccination,and to provide a basis for formulating the relevant policies.Methods We surveyed 145 HIV-1 infected persons vaccinated with PPV23 in Lanshan county in 2017-2019 by a self-designed questionnaire and telephone or face-to-face interview,and collected their incidence of pneumonia-related diseases,adverse reactions after vaccination,and information about and cost of diagnosis and therapy of related diseases before and after vaccination with PPV23 within one year.Results Among the 145 HIV-1 infected persons vaccinated with PPV23,the incidence rates of respiratory tract diseases and pneumonia after vaccination were lower than those before vaccination(P<0.05),but no change was found in CD4^+T-lymphocyte cell count.Conclusions PPV23 vaccination in the HIV-1 infected persons is conducive to reducing the incidence of opportunistic pulmonary infection,and has a good safety and cost-effectiveness.It is worthy of being promoted in the HIV-infected persons.