儿童接种乙型肝炎疫苗后不同时间HBsAb阳性率评价

目的观察儿童接种乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)疫苗后不同时间的乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)阳性率。方法回顾性研究2006年1月至2018年3月于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院进行检查的4831例儿童血清学数据,接种乙肝疫苗后按时间分为接种当年、接种后1年、2年、3年、4年、5年、6年、7年、8~14年等九组和按性别分为女性儿童和男性儿童两组进行HBsAb阳性率统计分析。结果4831例儿童中,HBsAb总体阳性率约为73.00%,接种1年后随时间延长HBsAb阳性率均逐年下降,除接种后1年以内和接种后5年、6年以外,女性儿童HBsAb阳性率均明显高于男性儿童,1年组女性儿童和男性儿童分别为88.74%和84.37%,7年组女性儿童和男性儿童分别为69.12%和58.65%差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童接种乙肝疫苗后,HBsAb滴度会随接种后时间延长而降低,应适时检测HBsAb水平,女性儿童HBsAb阳性率高于男性儿童,应结合实际情况加强免疫,以降低乙肝患病率。

Evaluation of HBsAb positive rate in children at different time after hepatitis B vaccination

Objective To observe the HBsAb positive rate in children at different time after hepatitis B vaccination.Methods A total of 4831 children's serological data were collected from Department of laboratory medicine,Beijing Tongren Hosptial,Capital Medical University from January 2006 to March 2018.The children were divided into nine groups according to the time after vaccination,:the year of vaccination,one-year,two-year,three-year,four-year,five-year,six-year,seven-year,eight to fourteen-year after vaccination,and divided into two groups according to gender:the female children and male children group.Results The total positive rate of HBsAb was about 73%in 4831 children.After one year of vaccination,the HBsAb positive rate decreased year by year.Except within one year and five or six years after vaccination,the positive rate of HBsAb in female children was significantly higher than that in male children.In the one-year group,the positive rates of HBsAb in female children and male children were 88.74%and 84.37%respectively.In the seven-year group,the positive rates of HBsAb in female children and male children were 69.12%and 58.65%respectively.There were statistically significant differences in these two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The titer of HBsAb decreases with time after hepatitis B vaccination.The positive rate of HBsAb in female children is higher than that in male children.Children should be vaccinated again according to the result of HBsAb to reduce the prevalence of hepatitis B.