3种取材法检测尖锐湿疣皮损中人乳头瘤病毒及亚型分布的对比研究

目的分析乌鲁木齐地区尖锐湿疣患者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型分布特征以及3种取材方法检测HPV感染的对比研究。方法对乌鲁木齐地区2016年12月-2018年6月在本院皮肤科门诊就诊的277例尖锐湿疣患者采用3种不同方法对皮损随机进行取样,用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测HPV,并对其进行统计分析。结果 277例患者的标本中HPV检测阳性者219例,阳性率为79.06%。阳性率居前4位的HPV亚型分别为HPV6、11、16、42型,维汉以及男女患者之间HPV阳性检出率差异均无统计学意义,HPV感染主要是单一感染。HPV检测结果各年龄段之间的阳性率以20~29岁组阳性率最高,其次为30~39岁、40~49岁。用刮取分泌物法、疣体涂擦法和微创取疣体新鲜组织法进行取样,微创法对HPV检出率最高,刮取法与涂擦法对HPV检出率相比差异无统计学意义。结论乌鲁木齐地区尖锐湿疣患者HPV感染以低危型6和11型为主,好发于20~29年龄段,对不同的患者人群,针对自身情况选择最优的取材方法,可更大程度的提高诊断的准确性。

The subtype distribution characteristics of HPV infection of condyloma acuminatum patients and a comparative study of three sample collecting methods

Objective To investigate the epidemic status and infection subtype distribution characteristics of HPV and compare three sample collecting methods for condyloma acuminatum(CA) patients in Urumqi area of Xinjiang.Methods A total of 277 patients’ examples were collected by using three different methods for random sampling from December 2016 to June 2018 in People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region outpatient service,HPVs detection and typing were conducted by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and then the infection rate of HPV and subtype distribution were statistically analyzed.Results The total positive rate was79.06%(219/277).The subtypes with the top four positive rates were HPV6,HPV11,HPV16,HPV42,there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rate of HPV between male and female patients,as well as between Han and Uygur.The patients with CA was mainly single type infection,the highest infectious ratio is 20 to 29 years old,and then was in 30~39,40~49 years old group.For the method of scraping cervical secretions,smear and minimally invasive method,the minimally invasive method had the highest detection rate of HPV.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of HPV between scraping method and smear method.Conclusion HPV infection is mainly caused by low risk type HPV6 and HPV11,mainly occurs in 20~29 youth in Urumqi region.For different patient groups,the best sampling method can be selected according to the patients’ own situation,which can improve the accuracy of diagnosis to a greater extent.