怀化市新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例流行病学调查分析

目的 了解怀化市新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎,COVID-19)确诊病例的流行病学特征,为怀化市制定疫情防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 对怀化市2020年1月22日—2月26日新冠肺炎确诊病例进行现场流行病学调查,描述其流行病学特征,并应用Fisher确切概率法分析影响新冠肺炎临床严重程度的可疑因素。结果 共对40例确诊病例进行现场流行病学调查,怀化市有8个县市区报告确诊病例,其中男女比例为1∶1.5,最小18岁;40例确诊病例发病的时间分布中出现了两次高峰,1月17—20日期间(最高日发病例数6人),1月29—30日期间(最高日发病例数6人);患有慢性基础性疾病的病例比未患有慢性基础性疾病的病例出现重症或危重症的概率要高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 防控干预早介入、防控措施早到位能有效地控制新冠肺炎的传播;患有基础性疾病的病例出现重症或危重症的概率更大。

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of COVID-19 confirmed cases in Huaihua city

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)confirmed cases in Huaihua city so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating epidemic prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods A field epidemiological survey was performed on confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Huaihua city from January 22 to February 26, 2020, and their epidemiological characteristics were described. Fisher exact probability method was used to analyze suspicious factors affecting the clinical severity of COVID-19. Results The field epidemiological investigation was conducted on 40 confirmed cases. Eight counties and districts in Huaihua city reported confirmed cases, of which the male to female ratio was 1∶1.5, and the youngest confirmed patient was 18 years old. There were two peaks in the time distribution of the 40 confirmed cases, namely, January 17-20 (the highest number of daily cases was 6) and January 29-30 (the highest number of daily cases was 6). Cases with chronic underlying diseases had a higher probability of developing severe or critical illness than cases without chronic underlying diseases, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions Early intervention and prevention and control measures in place can effectively control the spread of COVID-19. Cases with underlying diseases are more likely to be severe or critical.