秦皇岛地区2型糖尿病患者并发糖尿病视网膜病变的流行病学分析

目的本文探究秦皇岛地区2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)患者并发糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy, DR)的流行病学分析。方法应用整群抽样调查方法,选择秦皇岛地区3个社区作为调查点,选择2015年6月—2018年12月期间符合纳排标准的1 133例T2DM患者作为研究对象,检测其视网膜病变情况,采用单因素χ~2检验与多因素非条件logistic回归分析发生DR的危险因素。结果在1 133例T2DM患者中,DR发病率为19.24%(218/1 133),其中非增殖性DR发病率为13.15%,增殖性DR发病率为6.09%;logistic回归分析表明年龄(≤60岁)(OR=2.824,95%CI:2.254~3.537)、学历-初中及以下(OR=1.169,95%CI:1.106~1.235)、居住地-郊县(OR=3.102,95%CI:1.867~5.153)、内眼手术史(OR=5.124,95%CI:2.637~9.959)、糖尿病病程(>10年)(OR=2.782,95%CI:2.468~3.135)、高血压(OR=2.726,95%CI:1.453~5.115)及空腹血糖(>6.11 mmol/L),(OR=3.146,95%CI:2.491~3.972)等7项指标是发生DR的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论秦皇岛地区1 133例T2DM患者DR患病率为18.65%,年龄(≤60岁)、学历-初中及以下、居住地-郊县、内眼手术史、糖尿病病程(>10年)、高血压及空腹血糖(>6.11 mmol/L)等因素是DR的独立危险因素,该研究有望应用于指导、预测及干预治疗T2DM患者DR,降低DR发生率,改善T2DM患者视力水平。

Epidemiological analysis of type 2 diabetic patients complicated by diabetic retinopathy in Qinhuangdao region

Objective To conduct an epidemiological analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients complicated by diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Qinhuangdao region. Methods Three communities selected in Qinhuangdao region by using a cluster sampling method served as the surveyed sites. 1,133 T2DM patients who met the inclusion criteria from June 2015 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects, and screening examination of the subjects for retinopathy was performed. Single factor chi-square test and multi-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the risk factors for DR. Results The incidence rate of DR in 1,133 patients with T2DM was 19.24% (218/1,133), with the incidence rates of non-proliferative and proliferative DR being 13.15% and 6.09%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that 7 indexes, age (≤60 years old) (OR=2.824, 95%CI: 2.254-3.537), junior middle school education level or below (OR=1.169, 95%CI:1.106-1.235), place of residence-suburban county (OR=3.102, 95%CI:1.867-5.153), history of internal eye surgery (OR=5.124, 95%CI:2.637-9.959), course of diabetes mellitus (>10 years) (OR=2.782, 95%CI:2.468-3.135), hypertension (OR=2.726, 95%CI:1.453-5.115) and fasting blood glucose (> 6.11 mmol/L) (OR=3.146, 95%CI: 2.491-3.972) were independent risk factors for developing DR. Conclusions The prevalence rate of DR in 1,133 patients with T2DM in Qinhuangdao region was 18.65%. Age (≤60 years old), junior middle school education level or below, place of residence-suburban county, history of internal eye surgery, course of diabetes mellitus (>10 years), hypertension and fasting blood glucose (> 6.11 mmol/L) were independent risk factors for DR. The model is expected to be used to guide, predict, intervene and treat DR in patients with T2DM, and it can reduce the incidence of DR and improve the visual acuity of T2DM patients.