膳食钙和奶类的摄入同肥胖关系的病例对照研究

目的 通过研究膳食钙和奶类的摄入量与肥胖的关系,旨在为进一步研究肥胖的发病机制和干预手段提供依据.方法 以2011年4-9月期间进入一项肥胖干预试验筛选阶段的119名大专院校女生为病例组,年龄18～22周岁；同时选择同性别、同年龄、同身高,体重正常的同校健康学生作为对照组,以1∶1配对.对病例组和对照组进行食物频率调查及人体测量.采用条件Logistic回归法,分析不同钙和奶类摄入量对肥胖的关系；通过Pearson相关系数法,分析钙和奶的摄人量同BMI和体脂百分比的相关性.结果 膳食钙的摄入是肥胖的保护性因素,中高及高摄入量水平相对于最低摄入量水平具有统计学意义(OR值分别为0.19和0.05,P值均＜0.01)；奶类的中高和高摄入量水平相对于最低摄入水平的保护性作用有统计学意义(OR值分别为0.36和0.16,P值均＜0.01).BMI与钙的摄入(r=-0.38)和奶的摄入(r=-0.25),体脂百分比与钙的摄入(r=-0.37)和奶的摄入(r=-0.26)均呈负相关(P值均＜0.01).结论 膳食钙及奶类的摄入是肥胖的保护性因素,且与肥胖呈负相关.

Relationship of dietary calcium intake and dairy consumption with risk of obesity:A case-control study

Objective To assess the relationship of dietary calcium intake and dairy consumption with risk of obesity in a case-control study design.Methods Cases were 119 obese or overweight female Chinese college students aged 18 to 22 years,who were pre-screening volunteers for a weight loss program,recruited from April to October,2011.Control subjects were pair matched at 1∶ 1 ratio by age,gender and body height.Anthropometric data were collected and a food frequency questionnaire(FFQ) was performed with each participant.Conditional logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors related to calcium or dairy intake for obesity.Pearson correlations were performed in the total sample of subjects between body fat percentage and dairy(or calcium) intake.Results Significant protective effects were obtained for calcium intake(OR=0.19,0.05,P<0.01).Quartiles of dairy consumption did not reach statistical significance,however,it seemed to have protective effects for obesity with the 3rd and 4th quartiles(OR=0.36,0.16,P<0.01).The consumption of dairy,or calcium intake,was proven to be inversely related to BMI(r=-0.25,-0.38,P<0.01,respectively) and body fat(r=-0.37,P<0.01,respectively).Conclusion In the present study,dietary calcium intake and dairy consumption are important predictive factors for obesity.In addition,dietary calcium show a significant negative association with adiposity.