北京市海淀区1985-2010年中小学生肥胖变化趋势分析

目的 了解北京市海淀区1985 -2010年中小学生超重、肥胖及体质量指数(BMI)变化趋势,为儿童青少年肥胖干预政策的制定提供科学依据.方法 使用1985 -2010年中国学生体质与健康调研北京市海淀区资料,根据身高和体重计算BMI,应用中国肥胖工作组(WGOC)“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI分类标准”判定超重和肥胖,比较7 ～18岁学生各年度超重与肥胖检出率,分析各百分位数BMI( P25,P50,P75,P90,P95)变化趋势.结果 1985 -2010年7～18岁男生肥胖率分别为1.0％,4.0％,6.5％,15.2％,女生分别为0.5％,2.1％,2.8％,5.2％.各年龄组男、女生超重、肥胖率以及各百分位数BMI值均随年度不断上升(P值均＜0.01).1985 -2010年各百分位数BMI增长表现为男生增速高于女生,较高百分位BMI值增速高于较低百分位BMI值,各年龄组高百分位BMI值全面大幅上升.2000-2010年以来10～15岁男、女生BMI增速明显.结论 北京市海淀区1985 -2010年学生超重、肥胖检出率以及BMI水平持续增长,10～15岁学生是下一步肥胖防控的重点对象.

Trends of obesity among students aged 7 to 18 years from 1985 to 2010 in Haidian District of Beijing

Objective To analyze the trends of overweight,obesity and body mass index(BMI) among students in Haidian District Beijing city between 1985 and 2010.Methods The data were from Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985,1995,2000 and 2010.BMI was calculated with height and weight,and the prevalence of overweight and obesity of different years were obtained and compared based on the criteria of BMI Classification Reference for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese School-age Children and Adolescents proposed by Working Group on Obesity in China(WGOC).The trends of BMI percentiles(P25,P50,P75,P90,P95)were also described.Results From 1985 to 2010,the prevalence of obesity were 1.0%,4.0%,6.5%,15.2% for boys,and 0.5%,2.1%,2.8%,5.2% for girls,respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity,as well as BMI percentiles,increased between 1985 to 2010 continuously among all four age groups in both genders(P<0.01).The increase rates of BMI were higher in boys and higher level BMI percentile,which were rapidly increased in all age groups.Additionally,the increase rate of BMI elevated obviously among students aged 10 to 15 years during 2000 to 2005.Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity,as well as BMI,increased rapidly between 1985 to 2010 in Haidian District Beijing city,and the students aged 10 to 15 years are the key objects of obesity prevention and control in the future.