北京市2010年中学生烟草使用流行现状分析

目的 了解2010年北京市中学生烟草使用相关行为和二手烟暴露现状以及对烟草的认知和态度,为积极开展学校控烟工作提供参考.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,于2010年4-5月对北京市共计33所学校中11242名学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,共回收有效问卷11208份.结果 中学生尝试吸烟率为24.70％,现在吸烟率为9.11％,吸烟率为5.06％;不吸烟中学生的二手烟暴露率为38.47％.男生、住宿生的烟草使用率均显著高于女生和非住宿生;郊区、非重点校、职业中学的烟草使用率分别高于城区、重点校和普通中学,差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).现在吸烟率和吸烟率较2008年均略有下降,二手烟暴露率有了明显下降.结论 中学生尝试吸烟率居高不下,对于烟草危害及有关态度的认识有待于进一步提高.建议继续加强对中学生开展健康教育,引导和教育中学生坚决“拒吸第一支烟”.

Prevalence of tobacco use among middle school students in Beijing in 2010

Objective To collect data of the prevalence and epidemic characters of smoking and second-hand smoking,knowledge and attitudes related to smoking among middle school students of Beijing in 2010.Methods With stratified cluster sampling,an anonymous self-administered questionnaire was administered to 11 208 students from 33 schools,including junior middle schools,senior high schools and vocational high schools.Results Among the participants,24.70% had tried to smoke,9.11% had smoked at least 1 cigarette during the past 30 days;5.06% had smoked one cigarette or more every weeks for at least 3 months;among non-smokers the passive smoking rate was 38.47%.The rates of tobacco use among boys and live-on-campus students are significantly higher than that among girls and non-live-on-campus students respectively,and the rates of tobacco use among suburban,ordinary school,and vocational school students were significantly higher than that among urban,key school,and general middle school students respectively.Compared with the results of 2008,the rates of tobacco use among middle school students are slightly lower,and the passive smoking rate is significantly lower than that of 2008.Conclusion The attempting smoking rate is still very high,and the knowledge of tobacco use and the related attitude are still to be improved.More effective measures including health education should be taken to tell them "refuse to smoke the first cigarette".