深圳市中学生自杀意念及其影响因素的性别差异

目的了解深圳市中学生自杀意念现状及其影响因素的性别差异,为有针对性的干预提供依据。方法分层整群抽取深圳市5所中学3 071名中学生,使用自杀意念量表、社会支持量表以及中学生应对方式量表进行问卷调查。结果男、女中学生的自杀意念报告率分别为29.5%和38.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自杀计划和尝试自杀的报告率差异无统计学意义。在控制年龄的条件下,对自杀意念进行多因素Logistic回归分析,感受到的学习压力、主观支持为男、女中学生共同的影响因素;问题解决、忍耐和幻想否认为中学男生特有的影响因素;母亲文化程度、客观支持、对支持的利用度以及发泄情绪为中学女生特有的影响因素。结论中学女生的自杀意念检出率较男生高,男、女中学生自杀意念的影响因素不完全相同,应根据各自的特点进行预防和干预。

Gender difference in social support,coping style related to suicide ideation among middle school students in Shenzhen

Objective To explore the prevalence of suicide ideation among male and female middle school students,to discuss the gender difference in social support,coping style related to suicide ideation.Methods A total of 3 071 students from the 5 middle schools in Shenzhen were investigated by Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) and Coping Style Scale for Secondary School Students(CSS).Results The prevalence of suicide ideation in male and female were 29.5% and 38.3% respectively.The prevalence of suicide plan and suicide attempts had no gender difference.After control for age,multivariate logistic regression analysis implied that study pressure,subjective support and seeking for social support were the common effect factors for both gender students.Problem-solving,endurance,illusion and denying were risk factors for male students.Mother’s education,objective support,support-seeking behavior and expressing feeling were the factors for female students.Conclusion The prevalence of suicide ideation in female is higher than that of male.Influence factors are different between male and female students,the prevention strategies should vary with each group.