哈尔滨市中小学生身材比例变化情况

目的 分析1999和2010年哈尔滨7 ～18岁儿童青少年身材比例的变化特点,为及时识别或发现身体的生长异常提供基础数据.方法 1999,2010年分别对分层整群抽取的哈尔滨市城区7～18岁3 162名,3 971名学生进行身高、坐高、腓骨点高等指标的测量,并统计分析.结果 哈尔滨城市男女学生身高、坐高、小腿长随着年龄增加而增长,2010年各指标值高于1999年.1999,2010年哈尔滨城市男女学生坐高/腿长变化随年龄增长逐渐下降,15岁以后基本稳定,但1999年多于半数的年龄组此值大于2010年.1999和2010年,1O岁之后女生坐高/腿长均高于男生.1999年与2010年哈尔滨城市男女学生小腿长/腿长集中在0.52 ～0.54之间；男、女生差异不明显.结论 近11 a来,哈尔滨7～ 18岁城市男女学生身高、坐高、小腿长均有所增长；坐高/腿长在青春期前性别和年份差异不明显,青春期后女性略高于男性；小腿长/腿长不存在明显的年份和性别差异.

Variation tendency of body proportion for primary and middle school students in Harbin

Objective To explore variation tendency of body proportion of the Harbin students from 1999 to 2010,and to analyze the gender difference and to provide the basic data of timely identifying or finding the body of asymmetrical of abnormal growth.Methods Healthy children and adolescents in Harbin from the national representative survey named’ The Physical Fitness and Health Surveillance of Chinese School Students’ in1999 and 2010 were enrolled,the sample size were respectively 3 162 and 3 971.Height,sitting height,crus length were measured and statistically analyzed.Results The height,sitting height and crus length of Harbin students increased with age gradually,the indices increased variously in 2010 over 1999.SH/LL of Harbin urban students in 1999 and 2010 changed in a "V" shape,but it kept flatting after 15 years old and more than half of the age group this value in 1999 is slightly bigger than that in 2010.After 10 years old,the girls’ SH/LL were higher than that of boys.CL/LL of Harbin urban students in 1999 and 2010 were in the range of 0.52 to 0.54;There were no statistically significant gender differences in CL/LL.Conclusion The height,sitting height and crus length of 7-18 years old Harbin students increased gradually with age in recent 11 years;There are no gender and years differences of SL/LL in pre-pubertal children,and the girls’ was higher slightly than that of boys after post-puberta1.There are no statistically significant gender differences of CL/LL in Harbin students.