影响学龄儿童骨密度水平的环境因素分析

目的明确影响学龄儿童骨密度水平的环境因素,为健康改善计划的制定提供依据。方法分层整群抽取唐山市3所小学一～六年级全体学生2 046名,经家长知情同意,进行骨健康相关因素调查、体格测量和骨密度测定。结果学龄儿童超声骨密度的声波传导速度(Speed of Sound,SOS)值为(1 529.7±21.1)m/s,男、女生SOS值差异无统计学意义,6岁到9岁随年龄增长SOS值降低,10岁到13岁儿童SOS值略有回升。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,对学龄儿童SOS值有正性影响的因素其作用由大到小依次为学龄期饮奶情况、吃豆制品、活动时间、室外日照、活动方式、吃蔬菜水果、睡眠质量,而被动吸烟和Rohrer指数对学龄儿童SOS值有负性影响。结论应针对影响因素进行综合控制和干预,以促进骨快速增长期骨量的提高。

Environmental factors to bone mineral density level of school children

Objective To acquaint the environmental factors that affect the bone mineral density level of school-aged children.Methods A total of 2 046 students of grade 1-6 were selected from three elementary schools in Tangshan.After informed the consent to parents,children’s bone health related factors were investigated,physical examination and ultrasonic bone mineral density admeasurements were done in children.The data was analyzed with SAS 8.2.Results The pupils’ ultrasonic bone mineral density level was(1 529.7±21.1)m/s,descended between 6 and 9 years old and then increased following the age.By multi-factor analysis,the environmental factors influenced the speed of sound(SOS) of children from large to small were situation of drinking milk,intake the bean product,activity time and outdoor sunshine,activity way,intake fruits and vegetables,sleep quality,the Rohrer index and passive smoking had adverse effects on school children’s SOS.The other significant related environmental factors included physical health,history of fractures,particular about food,drink carbonated beverages were not into regression equation.ConclusionThe comprehensive intervention method aim at influencing factors should be put into practice to promote school children’s bone density to reach high peak bone mass.