广州市青少年饮食行为分析

目的 了解广州市青少年饮食行为习惯,为开展有针对性的干预措施提供科学依据.方法 采用“中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”,对分层整群随机抽取的广州市66所大、中学校11939名学生进行问卷调查.结果 广州市青少年偏食行为检出率为29.87％.调查前7d经常饮用汽水饮料以及进食甜点、油炸食品、快餐及经常吃路边摊的不健康饮食行为比例分别为6.83％,18.36％,9.72％,0.71％和1.52％；很少吃水果、蔬菜,少用早餐,少喝牛奶的行为比例依次为18.20％,2.74％,3.47％和38.74％.经常喝汽水饮料的男生(9.36％)明显多于女生(4.66％),而经常吃甜点的女生(20.42％)则明显多于男生(15.98％)；城市青少年经常吃西式快餐(0.90％)的比例明显高于农村青少年(0.36％),而农村青少年很少喝牛奶(54.22％)的比例明显高于城市青少年(30.57％)；6.78％的大学生很少吃早餐,47.77％的职中生很少喝牛奶.结论广州市青少年不健康饮食行为普遍存在,不同性别、地区及学段均有各自的特点.应采取有针对性的健康教育措施.

Analysis of dietary behaviors of adolescents in Guangzhou

Objective To study the dietary behaviors of adolescents in Guangzhou,and to provide scientific evidence for intervention.Methods A "Questionnaire of Health Related Behaviors Among Adolescents in China" was conducted among 11 939 students in 66 schools in Guangzhou.Results It showed that 29.87% of surveyed adolescents had food preference behaviors.The rates of unhealthy dietary behaviors like often drinking soft drinks,often eating desserts,fried foods,western-style fast food and often eating at street vendors were 6.83%,18.36%,9.72%,0.71% and 1.52%;The rates of rarely eating fruit,vegetables,having breakfast and drinking milk were 18.20%,2.74%,3.47% and 38.74%.Boys(9.36%) who often drink soft drinks were more than girls(4.66%).As for often eating dessert,girls(20.42%) were more common than boys(15.98%);The rates of often eating western-style fast food(0.90%) in urban youth was significantly higher than that of rural young people(0.36%),while the proportion of rural young people rarely drinking milk(54.22%) was higher than in urban adolescents(30.57%).About 6.78% of college students rarely ate breakfast and 47.77% of vocational students rarely drank milk.Conclusion Unhealthy dietary behaviors are prevailing among adolescents in Guangzhou,different gender,region and age have their own characteristics.Appropriate health education should be adopted.