Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from Cayaponia tayuya roots |
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Authors: | Silvia Aquila,Rosa M. Giner,Marí a C. Recio,Etile D. Spegazzini,José Luis Rí os |
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Affiliation: | 1. Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Spain;2. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina |
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Abstract: | Ethnopharmacological relevanceTaiuiá or tayuya (Cayaponia tayuya, Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing, lignified plant with a large swollen root that has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic agent in the folk medicine of Brazil, Peru, and Colombia.The aim of the studyWe have assayed the pharmacological properties of a flavonoid fraction obtained from the butanol extract of Cayaponia tayuya roots using two models of topical mouse ear oedema, paying special attention to its influence on the induction on pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators.Material and methodsThe in vivo experiments involved both the acute oedema induced by a single application of TPA and the subchronic inflammation brought on by repeated applications of TPA. The effects on the induction of pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages were analyzed with the aid of Western blot analysis.ResultsThe extract was identified as a mixture of flavonoids in which vicenin-2, spinosin, isovitexin, and a mixture of swertisin and isoswertisin were found. In acute TPA-induced oedema in mouse ears, the flavonoid-enriched fraction (at a dose of 0.5 mg/ear) inhibited the oedema by 66% (4.2 ± 0.6 mg vs. 12.3 ± 1.4 mg, P < 0.01) while in the subchronic model, the inhibition reached 37% at a dose of 0.5 mg/ear × 7 applications (7.5 ± 0.6 mg vs. 11.9 ± 1.3 mg, P < 0.05). When assayed in vitro, the flavonoid showed no toxicity at 33.45 μg/mL on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Although the nitric oxide production in these cells was moderately reduced (42%) at 33.45 μg/mL, the flavonoid-enriched fraction had no effect on TNF-α production. In addition, at 22.30 μg/mL, the test sample inhibited both iNOS and COX-2 expression by 98% and 49%, respectively.ConclusionThese results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from tayuya roots most likely stems from their inhibition of the induction of the enzymes COX-2 and iNOS. |
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Keywords: | COX, cyclooxygenase IL-1β, interleukin-1β LPS, lipopolysaccharide MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide NOS, nitric oxide synthase TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α TPA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate |
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