溃疡性结肠炎中医证素特点及规律的研究

目的：探讨溃疡性结肠炎（UC）中医证素特点及规律。方法：选取74例UC患者采用证素辨证及积分方法进行临床观察。结果：①病性证素以湿为主，其次为气滞；病位以大肠为主，其次为脾；②诱发或加重因素以饮食最常见，其中以寒凉食物为主；③青年者病位主要在大肠、脾，病性以湿、气滞、热为主，中年者病位主要在脾、大肠，病性以湿、气虚、气滞为主，老年者病位主要在脾、肾，病性以湿、气虚、血瘀为主。④0～5年病程段病位主要在大肠、脾，病性以湿、气滞、热为主，5～10年病程段病位主要在脾、大肠，病性以湿、气虚、气滞为主，≥10年病程段病位主要在脾、肾，病性以湿、气虚、阳虚为主。⑤轻度者病位主要在大肠、脾，病性以湿、气滞、热为主，中度者病位主要在脾、大肠，病性以湿、气滞、气虚为主，重度者病位主要在脾、肾，病性以气虚、湿、血瘀为主。⑥病变在直肠者病位主要在大肠，病性以湿、气滞为主，直、乙结肠者病位主要在大肠、脾，病性以湿、气滞、热为主，左半结肠者病位主要在脾、大肠，病性以湿、气滞、气虚为主，全结肠者病位主要在脾、肾，病性以气虚、湿、血瘀为主，区域结肠者病位主要在脾、大肠，病性以湿为主。结论：UC病位证素以大肠、脾为主，病性证素以湿、气滞、热最常见；病机多为虚实夹杂。病情初期，证素以大肠、湿、气滞、热多见，随着年龄增长、病程延长、病情加重及病变范围扩大，证素以脾、肾、湿、气虚为主。

Research on characteristics and regularity of TCM syndrome elements of UC

Objective： To clarify the characteristics and regularity of TCM syndrome elements of ulcerative colitis （UC）. Methods： 74 cases were selected as the subjects and observed by syndrome elements differentiation and integral methods. Results： （1）The main disease nature element was damp, followed by stagnation of qi, the disease location elements were ordered in frequency as mainly in the large intestine, followed by the spleen. （2）The most common of induce or aggravating factors was the diet, and the cold food was the most common dietary factor. （3）The disease location elements of young patients were mainly in the large intestine, spleen, the main disease nature element were damp, qi stagnation and heat. The disease location elements of middle-aged patients were mainly in the spleen, large intestine, the main disease nature element was damp, qi deficiency, qi stagnation. Elderly patients, the disease location elements were mainly in the spleen, kidney, and the main disease nature element were damp, qi deficiency, blood stasis. （4）The disease location elements of 0-5 couse years were mainly in the large intestine, spleen, the main disease nature element were damp, qi stagnation and heat. The disease location elements of 5 - 10 couse years were mainly in the spleen, large intestine, the main disease nature element were damp, qi deficiency and qi stagnation. The disease location elements of more than 10 years were mainly in the spleen, kidney, and the main disease nature element were damp, qi deficiency and yang deficiency. （5）The disease location elements of mild patients were mainly in the large intestine, spleen, the main disease nature element were damp, qi stagnation and heat. The disease location elements of moderate patients were mainly in the spleen, large intestine, the main disease nature element was damp, qi stagnation and qi deficiency. And the severe patients＇ disease location elements were mainly in the spleen, kidney, and the main disease nature element were qi deficiency, damp, find blood stasis. （6）The disease location elements of lesions in the rectum was mainly in the large intestine, the main disease nature element were damp, qi stagnation. The location elements of lesions in the rectum and sigmoid were mainly in the large intestine, spleen, the main disease nature element were damp, qi stagnation and heat. The location elements of lesions in the left colon were mainly in the spleen, large intestine, the main disease nature elements were damp, qi stagnation and qi deficiency. The location elements of lesions in the total colon were mainly in the spleen, kidney, the main disease nature elements were qi deficiency, damp, and blood stasis. The location elements of lesions in the regional colon were mainly in the spleen, large intestine, the main disease nature elements was damp. Conclusion： The location elements of UC were mainly in the large intestine, spleen, the main disease nature element was damp, qi stagnation and heat. UC is the excessive and deficiency syndrome, the earlier syndrome elements are mainly in the large intestine, damp, qi stagnation and heat. With the patients getting old, duration of disease, exacerbations and lesion expansion, the syndrome elements are mainly in the spleen, kidney, damp, and qi deficiency.