宁波市2008—2012年手足口病流行特征与空间聚集性分析

目的 分析宁波市2008—2012年手足口病的流行特点,探讨其空间聚集特征。方法 综合流行病学方法和空间自相关分析方法,以区县级为单位对宁波市2008—2012年手足口病监测数据进行分析。结果 2008—2012年宁波市共报告新发手足口病63 213例,年均报告发病率为173.72/10万;发病以男性居多,男女占比达1.57:1;年龄分布以低龄儿童为主,5岁以下占90.35%,3岁以下占60.28%;职业分布以散居儿童为主(63.39%),其次是幼托儿童(34.44%)和学生(2.16%);发病率地区分布和空间自相关分析结果表明宁波市南部的宁海县与象山县为手足口病高发病率聚集地区。结论 宁波市手足口病持续高发,发病率高于浙江省平均发病率;宁波市南部的宁海县和象山县是主要发病聚集区域。

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clusters of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Ningbo municipality,2008-2012

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics and spatial clusters of hand,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Ningbo municipality from 2008 to 2012.Methods District-specific surveillance data on HFMD from from 2008 to 2012 in Ningbo municipality were collected and analyzed with the epidemiological and spatial autocorrelation methods.Results A total of 63 213 HFMD cases were reported and the reported average annual incidence rate was 173.72/100 000 during the 5-year period.The male to female ratio of the reported cases was 1.57:1.Of the reported cases,90.35% were under the age of 5 years;60.28% were under the age of 3 years;63.39% were children living scattered;34.44% were nursery and kindergarten children;and 2.16% were students.Both incidence rate and spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that HFMD incidents clustered in Ninghai county and Xiangshan county,which locate at south of Ningbo city.Conclusion HFMD was still prevalent in Ningbo municipality,with a higher incidence rate than the average level of Zhejiang province,and HFMD incidents clustered in Ninghai and Xiangshan counties at southern area of Ningbo city.