婴幼儿静脉穿刺拔针后按压方法的探讨

目的探讨婴幼儿静脉穿刺拔针后按压方法，减轻婴幼儿出血和皮下瘀血的发生率。方法从我院儿科注射室抽取静脉穿刺拔针后的0个月～5岁婴幼儿600例，分两组，对照组300例婴幼儿使用传统方法，即拔针后给予干棉枝局部按压穿刺点。实验组300例，静脉穿刺后拔针只用保留的3L输液贴，家长用大鱼际肌在穿刺点起固定按压作用，其余四指环绕起支持作用，就象家长整只手握着患儿穿刺的手或脚，进行大面积按压，按压时间同为4min。结果实验组出血、皮下瘀血的发生率均明显少于对照组（P〈0．01），差异具有统计学意义。结论无论是手、足、头等部位的拔针，实验组都能有效降低患儿出血和皮下瘀血发生率。

The press methods for preventing bleeding in children after extraction of venipuncture needles

Objective To explore the press methods after extraction of intravenous needles in children to reduce the incidences of bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis. Methods 600 children aged 0- 5 receiving venipuncture needle extraction after infections from the pediatric injection room were divided into two groups. The study group of 300 children received traditional method with dry cotton sticks for local press. The control group of another 300 receive removal of venous puncture pin after infusion for reservation of 3L paste, parents with thenar puncture point in the press from the fixed effects from the other four fingers around the supporting role, to hold the puncture points in hands or feet of the children for large-area press for 4 min. Results The incidences of bleeding and skin ecchymosis were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P＜0.01), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Infants in the venipuncture needle injection 3L reservations only after the infusion paste, parents with thenar puncture point at the press played the role of the fixed and the remaining four fingers around the supporting means, as parents, only to hand the children the whole puncture site for large-scale press, whether hands or feet, firstclass parts of the pin was removed. The incidences of bleeding and subcutaneous bleeding can be reduced.