健康教育对干预人群健康认知水平的作用

目的 以社区构建糖尿病健康管理技术体系为背景,进一步确立健康教育在该体系中提高糖尿病患者健康认知的重要作用.方法 首先对参加本项目的社区医生进行规范化培训;在天津市6个社区筛查糖尿病高危人群307例,对该人群进行3个月强化及9个月跟踪的健康教育.运用SPSS13.0统计软件包进行数据分析,对主要研究指标进行描述性分析,对于健康教育认知水平得分情况,采取被观察者前后自身对照的方法,进行配对t检验,组间比较运用单因素方差方法.结果 通过系统地健康教育,社区医生健康管理专业水平得到提高;被观察者健康知识认知水平有所提高（教育前平均5.5分,教育后平均12.6分,t=-28.511,P＜0.05）;各年龄组、各文化程度组及各职业组的被观察者对于健康知识的认知水平,均有提高,差别有统计学意义;干预前,不同年龄组（F=4.036,P＜0.05）、不同文化程度组（F=15.27,P＜0.05）及不同职业组（F=9.80,P＜0.05）,组间得分差别均有统计学意义;干预后,不同年龄组组间得分差别无统计学意义（F=0.204,P＞0.05）,不同文化程度组（F=4.71,P＜0.05）及不同职业组（F=4.87,P＜0.05）组间得分差别均有统计学意义.结论 健康教育是糖尿病健康管理技术各项工作的基础,对提升糖尿病高危人群健康知识认知水平有着重要的作用.

Health education for target adults

Objective To assess the role of health education in outcomes of diabetes mellitus among high-risk populations. Methods The community physicians who participated this investigation received standardized training, and 307 community residents at high risk of developing diabetes obtained three-month intense health education and nine-month follow-up study. Paired t-test, and Analysis of Variance were used for data analysis. Results After systematic health education, professional level of community physicians was improved. Cognitive level of health knowledge was also significantly improved （5.5 vs 12.6, t=-28.511, P〈0.05）. In addition, health knowledge of variant age （F=4.036, P〈0.05）, education level （F=15.27, P〈0.05） and occupation （F=9.80, P〈0.05） subgroups was significantly increased. In comparison with baselines, the scores of each age subgroups （F=0.204, P〉0.05） showed no significant differences, although scores of different education level （F=4.71, P〈0.05） and occupation （F=4.87, P〈0.05） subgroups were significantly different. The risk factors of diabetes were effectively controlled. Conclusions Health education should be the key to health management of diabetes, which plays important roles in improving eognitive level of health knowledge among populations at high risk of developing diabetes and reducing the incidence of this condition.