老年人代谢综合征危险因素分析

目的 对老年代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)患者的查体资料进行分析,探讨老年人MS的危险因素. 方法按照2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会推荐的MS诊断标准,将568例老年人分为对照组(不符合MS诊断标准者)、代谢异常1组(符合MS诊断标准1项者)、代谢异常2组(符合MS诊断标准2项者)及MS组.比较各组体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血尿酸等指标. 结果 MS组、代谢异常2组、代谢异常1组体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油及血尿酸水平均显著高于对照组,而HDL-C显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),MS组,代谢异常2组总胆固醇、LDL-C、HbA1c及ALT水平显著高于对照组.差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);但代谢异常1组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).体质指数与舒张压(r=0.231)、HbA1c(r=0.195)、血尿酸(r=0.152)、ALT(r=0.211)呈正相关,与HDL-C负相关(r=-0.156),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论符合MS诊断标准1项及2项者是老年人MS的高危人群,超体质量或肥胖、高血压、高血糖、血脂异常、ALT和血尿酸升高等是老年人MS的危险因素.

Analysis of risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the elderly

Objective To analyze the checkup indicators, and probe into the risk factors of elderly patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods In accordance with the diagnostic criteria for MS (Chinese Diabetes Society, 2004), 568 cases of elderly people were divided into the MS group (group A), two MS components group (group B) , one MS component group (group C) and the control group (group D). The body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum uric acid (UA) and other indicators were detected. Results Compared with group D, BMI, BP, FBG, TG and UA were significantly higher in group A, B and C, while HDL-C was significantly lower (all P<0.05), TC, LDL-C, HbA1c and ALT were significantly higher in group A and B than in group D (all P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between group C and D. BMI was positively correlated with diastolic pressure (r=0.231), HbA1c (r=0.195), UA (r=0.152) and ALT (r=0.211), and it was negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.156, all P<0.05). Conclusions Elder people with one or two components of metabolic syndrome definitions are at high risk of MS. Overweight or obesity, high BP, high blood sugar, and abnormal blood lipids are the risk factors of MS in elderly patients.