中国2004—2011年戊型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析

目的了解中国（未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区，下同）2004~2011年戊型病毒性肝炎（戊肝）的流行病学特征，为预防控制戊肝提供参考。方法利用中国法定传染病报告系统中戊肝的发病数据，进行描述流行病学分析。结果中国2004-2011年戊肝报告发病有小幅度上升趋势，2011年最高（报告29202例，报告发病率2．18／10万）。报告病例较多的为江苏、浙江、广东、辽宁、湖北等省。1～5月发病较多，发病年龄主要集中在45-59岁，男、女性别比为2．97：1；病例构成以农民和离退休人员较多。实验室诊断的戊肝病例从2004年的56％上升到2011年的90％。报告的4起戊肝突发公共卫生事件，发生在养老院、乡小学和农村。结论中国2004-2011年戊肝报告发病略有上升趋势，可能与诊断水平提高有关。应加强对戊肝的监测，做好爆发疫情的预警。

The Epidemiologica Analysis of Hepatitis E in 2004-2011 in China

Objectives In order to know epidemical characteristics of hepatitis E in China（not include Hong Kong Special Administration Region, Macao Special Administration Region, and Taiwan sheng）during 2004-2011 and provide the scientific basis for controlling hepatitis E in the future. Methods The data of hcpatitis E from national notifiable diseaser reporting system （NNDRS）during 2004-2011 was collected and analyzed. Result The reported number of hepatitis E was increased and reach top level in 2011. The hepatitis E cases were mainly reported in the provinces including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Liaoning, Hubei. The high incidence season are from January to May. Aged 45-59 years old is the high-risk age group, and the ratio of men and women is 2.97 ： 1. The reported emergency public affairs is 4, and mostly happened in gerocomium, the primary school at county and village. Conclusion The reported cases of hepatitis E was increased. The surveillance for hepatitis E should be strengthened. We should discover, investigate and dispose gathered cased of hepatitis E and control the outbreak effectively.