镇江市中小学生营养与健康状况分析

目的 分析镇江市中小学生营养健康状况，为采取有效干预措施及制订相关营养策略提供科学依据。方法 整群收集1998～2003年镇江市城区中小学生健康体检资料，用SPSS11．0软件进行统计分析。结果 6年来营养不良率（以轻度为主）、肥胖率分别为28．15％、11．33％；营养不良呈下降趋势、肥胖呈上升趋势；贫血率平均为22．77％，贫血主要发生在12～16岁；男生及高中、初中学段高血压率具有逐年增高趋势；视力低下率女生〉男生，小学〈初中〈高中，差异均具有显著意义。肺活量呈逐年下降趋势。结论 中小学生营养健康问题不容忽视，应针对性地采取综合预防控制措施。

Analysis of nutrition and health status of primary and middle school students in Zhenjiang

Objective To analyze nutrition and health status of primary and secondary school students, which would provide basis for developing an effective intervention and making a relevant nutrition program. Methods The physical examination information of primary and middle school students in urban area of Zhenjiang City from 1998 to 2003 was collected by using a cluster sampling method. SPSS11.0 statistical software was used for analysis. Results During the past 6 years, the malnutrition rate was 28.15%, which was mainly slightly malnutrition, and it decreased year by year. The obesity rate was 11.33%, with an increasing trend yearly. The female malnutrition rate was significantly higher than the male's, while the male obesity rate was significantly higher than the females'. The malnutrition rate in middle school students was significantly higher than that in primary school pupils. The obesity rate in primary school pupils was significantly higher than that in middle school students. The anemia rate was 22.77%, the peak of which appeared at the age from 12 to 16 years, and the female anemia rate was significantly higher than the male's. High blood pressure rates in male or in secondary school students had an increasing trend yearly. High blood pressure rates were significantly different in sexes and study periods. So it was with low eyesight, vital capacity, but vital capacity had a decreasing trend yearly. Conclusions The nutrition and health problems of primary and middle school students do not allow ignoring. It is essential to take comprehensively preventive and control measures.